The total synthesis of four novel mono-methoxy and hydroxyl substituted ring-A dihydronarciclasine derivatives enabled identification of the 7-hydroxyl derivative as a potent and selective antiviral agent targeting SARSCoV-2 and HSV-1. The concentration of this small molecule that inhibited HSV-1 infection by 50% (IC50), determined by using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPCS)-derived brain organ organoids generated from two iPCS lines, was estimated to be 0.504 µM and 0.209 µM. No significant reduction in organoid viability was observed at concentrations up to 50 mM. Genomic expression analyses revealed a significant effect on host-cell innate immunity, revealing activation of the integrated stress response via PERK kinase upregulation, phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and type I IFN, as factors potentiating multiple host-defense mechanisms against viral infection. Following infection of mouse eyes with HSV-1, treatment with the compound dramatically reduced HSV-1 shedding in vivo.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.