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Large-scale landslides near restricted water bodies, such as lakes, dammed reservoirs, and mountain rivers, may generate huge surge waves that in turn cause casualties and building damage. For example, a catastrophic rockslide, with a large volume of approximately 3 × 10 8 m 3 , slipped and fell into the Vajont reservoir in Italy in 1963. The resultant surge wave overtopped the Vajont dam causing the death of nearly two thousand people (Panizzo et al., 2005). This type of disaster chain involves complex multi-physical and multiscale problems, including landslide deformation, free-surface capture, multiphase coupling, and strong three-dimensional (3D) structural evolution.Numerous experimental studies have been conducted using indoor water channels. Generally, according to the type of sliding mass, these studies can be divided into two categories such as rigid-body models (Ataie-Ashtiani

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An underwater shock loading experimental device is used to simulate underwater explosion shock waves. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of flyer momentum on the response of an aluminium plate to this underwater shock loading experimental device. The simulation accuracy can be verified by comparing theoretical data with the simulation and experimental results. Through simulations, an aluminium plate’s deformation and pressure specific impulse can be determined when flyers impact the piston at different velocities but at the same momentum. The aluminium plate's deformation and pressure specific impulse are constant when the flyers had constant momentum because both are directly proportional to the flyer momentum. The results have an important practical value for understanding and using this type of experimental device.