Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three-dimensional (3D) interactive quantitative surgical planning on the outcome of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) anatomical partial lobectomy (APL), and to investigate the learning curve of 3D reconstruction-assisted VATS APL assisted. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 156 cases of solitary pulmonary ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesions in patients who underwent 3D interactive quantitative VATS APL. Digital imaging and communications in medicine data were recorded for each patient. We used Materialise 3-Matic software to make 3D reconstructed images. All surgeries were performed by the same thoracic surgeon at the Cardiothoracic

Polyethyleneimine (PEI) has a good spongy proton effect and is an excellent nonviral gene vector, but its high charge density leads to the instability and toxicity of PEI/DNA complexes. Cell membrane (CM) capsules provide a universal and natural solution for this problem. Here, CM-coated PEI/DNA capsules (CPDcs) were prepared through extrusion, and the extracellular matrix was coated on CPDcs (ECM-CPDcs) for improved targeting. The results showed that compared with PEI/DNA complexes, CPDcs had core–shell structures (PEI/DNA complexes were coated by a 6–10 nm layer), lower cytotoxicity, and obvious homologous targeting. The internalization and transfection efficiency of 293T-CM-coated PEI70k/DNA capsules (293T-CP70Dcs) were 91.8 and 74.5%, respectively, which were higher than those of PEI70k/DNA complexes. Then, the internalization and transfection efficiency of 293T-CP70Dcs were further improved by ECM coating, which were 94.7 and 78.9%, respectively. Then, the internalization and transfection efficiency of 293T-CP70Dcs were further improved by ECM coating, which were 94.7 and 78.9%, respectively. Moreover, the homologous targeting of various CPDcs was improved by ECM coating, and other CPDcs also showed similar effects as 293T-CP70Dcs after ECM coating. These findings suggest that tumor-targeted CPDcs may have considerable advantages in gene delivery.

Background: Few studies have examined the use of two-dimensional computed tomography (2D CT) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction images to determine the intersegmental plane (ISP) for pulmonary segmentectomy, but a systematic approach and nomenclature are currently lacking. This current study used 3D reconstruction of CT imaging to analyze variations in the right lower lobe's pulmonary ISP and created a simplified model to determine the optimum cutting plane (CP) for clinical application for operative planning and use during thoracoscopic anatomical partial lobectomy (APL). Methods: Between January 2018 and October 2019, 325 patients with pulmonary lesions were identified who underwent thin-slice CT scans of the chest. The ISPs were identified by analyzing the 2D CT scans and 3D reconstruction images and the anatomical characteristics segmental boundary. The CP for the thoracoscopic procedure was then determined within the safe surgical margins, and a simplified CP model was created. Results: The boundary between adjacent lung segment A and segment B was be expressed as "ISP: Sa-Sb". The ISP was divided into venous ISP (VISP), arterial ISP (AISP), and bronchial ISP (BISP). The proposed model of the CP can be expressed as follows: CP (f) = (V/A/B) ISP (x) + (V/A/B) sub ISP (y) + (V/A/B) subsub ISP (z).Conclusions: This report is a first attempt to provide a nomenclature for identifying the ISP, and create a simplified model for determining the CP for thoracoscopic partial lobectomy.

Achieving efficient and safe gene delivery is of great significance to promote the development of gene therapy. In this work, a polydopamine (PDA) layer was coated on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) by dopamine (DA) self‐polymerization, and then magnetic Fe3O4 NPs were prepared by the Michael addition between amino groups in polyethyleneimine (PEI) and PDA. The prepared Fe3O4 NPs (named Fe3O4@PDA@PEI) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As an efficient and safe gene carrier, the potential of Fe3O4@PDA@PEI was evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry. The results show that the Fe3O4@PDA@PEI NPs are stable hydrophilic NPs with a particle size of 50–150 nm. It can efficiently condense DNA at low N/P ratios and protect it from nuclease degradation. In addition, the Fe3O4@PDA@PEI NPs have higher safety than PEI. Further, the Fe3O4@PDA@PEI/DNA polyplexes could be effectively absorbed by cells and successfully transfected and exhibit higher cellular uptake and gene transfection efficiency than PEI/DNA polyplexes. The findings indicate that the Fe3O4@PDA@PEI NPs have the potential to be developed into a novel gene vector.

Polyethylenimine (PEI) is considered as the gold standard for evaluating non‐viral gene vectors due to its proton sponge effect and high transfection efficiency. However, its cytotoxicity limits its application. Rice bran polysaccharide (RBP) is rich in nature and beneficial for preparation of biodegradable biomaterials. In this work, three PEI modified RBP‐Fe complexes (PIP‐1, PIP‐2, and PIP‐3) were prepared based on RBP with different molecular weight (Mw). Then the potential of PIP complexes for plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery and the influence of Mw was studied. PIP complexes showed better safety and higher gene transfection efficiency than PEI. PIP‐1 was prepared by RBP with lower Mw and could formed PIP‐1/pDNA nanoparticle with lower particle size which exhibited higher gene transfection efficiency than other PIP complexes prepared by RBP with higher Mw. The results indicate that the PIP/pDNA complex exhibits a multi‐pathway cellular uptake mechanism. Clathrin dependent and caveolin dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis were involved in the cellular uptake process of PIP/pDNA complex. It is hoped that this study can provide useful enlightenment for the research and development of gene vector based on polysaccharide.