A high-performance boron-containing gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with semi-interpenetrating polymer network structure was successfully prepared by a rapid and easy one-step polymerization process assisted with UV light, exploiting poly(ethylene oxide) as a polymer host, the novel borate ester monomer as the cross-linker, and LiClO and EMIMBF both as the plasticizer and electrolytic salt, respectively. Owing to the incorporation of anion-trapping boron sites, the ionic conductivity of the as-prepared GPE at room temperature can be up to 5.13 mS cm. In addition, the boron-containing GPE (B-GPE) exhibits favorable mechanical strength, excellent thermal stability, and extremely low flammability. Moreover, the all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor using B-GPE as the electrolyte and reduced graphene oxide as the electrode was fabricated and exhibited a broad potential window (3.2 V). The all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor based on B-GPE can still reach a high energy density of 27.62 W h kg with a power density of 6.91 kW kg at a high current density of 5 A g. After 5000 cycles at a current density of 1 A g, the all-solid-state supercapacitor with B-GPE displays a decent capacitance retention of 91.2%.

A simple polymerization process assisted with UV light for preparing a novel flexible polyelectrolyte-based gel polymer electrolyte (PGPE) is reported. Due to the existence of charged groups in the polyelectrolyte matrix, the PGPE exhibits favorable mechanical strength and excellent ionic conductivity (66.8 mS cm À1 at 25 C). In addition, the all-solid-state supercapacitor fabricated with a PGPE membrane and activated carbon electrodes shows outstanding electrochemical performance. The specific capacitance of the PGPE supercapacitor is 64.92 F g À1 at 1 A g À1 , and the device shows a maximum energy density of 13.26 W h kg À1 and a maximum power density of 2.26 kW kg À1 . After 10 000 cycles at a current density of 2 A g À1 , the all-solid-state supercapacitor with PGPE reveals a capacitance retention of 94.63%. Furthermore, the specific capacitance and charge-discharge behaviors of the flexible PGPE device hardly change with the bending states. Fig. 2 (a) Photograph image of the PGPE with a thickness of about 500 mm. Typical SEM image of (b-d) PGPE matrix with various magnification, (e) interface between the AC electrode and PGPE, and (f) the electrode-PDPA interface. (g) Element mapping image of the surface of the PGPE.This journal is

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A novel gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) which is based on new synthesized boron‐containing monomer, benzyl methacrylate, 1 m LiClO4/N,N‐dimethylformamidel liquid electrolyte solution is prepared through a one‐step synthesis method. The boron‐containing GPE (B‐GPE) not only displays excellent mechanical behavior, favorable thermal stability, but also exhibits an outstanding ionic conductivity of 2.33 mS cm−1 at room temperature owing to the presence of anion‐trapping boron sites. The lithium ion transference in this gel polymer film at ambient temperature is 0.60. Furthermore, the symmetrical supercapacitor which is fabricated with B‐GPE as electrolyte and reduced graphene oxide as electrode demonstrates a broad potential window of 2.3 V. The specific capacitance of symmetrical B‐GPE supercapacitors retains 90% after 3000 charge–discharge cycles at current density of 1 A g−1.

The polycation gel polymer electrolyte (PGPE) is a promising electrolyte material for supercapacitors due to its high ionic conductivity and great flexibility.