The issue of distance and spatial cognitive differences on the process of interacting behavior is of increasing interest and involves multiple fields of inquiry. However, there is a lack of bibliometrics and literature reviews on this topic to systematically evaluate the current state of research. This study synthesizes previous research on the interactive distance perception and its related influencing factors, and summarizes it by clustering and trending the relevant research literature through bibliometrics. The conclusions show that the overall number of literatures within the search area is on the rise, and the research directions are gradually refined, with the research hotspots mainly focusing on social distance, risk perception, mental health, and influence factors and life. Relying on the theoretical system based on distance perception and interaction behavior model, the application of virtual or augmented reality interaction distance perception and virtual social life scenarios becomes a new trend for future research development.

In order to clarify the relevant concepts and research development process of the interaction between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles, this paper is based on the literature on the topic of "Interaction between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles" in the Web of Science database, with the help of visual knowledge graph analysis tools CiteSpace and VOSviewer. A knowledge map with keywords, countries and journals as nodes, and a knowledge map for interactive research between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles were built. This paper clarifies the research progress, research hotspots and development trends in the field of human-computer interaction between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles, and reveals the key research directions of human-machine interface (eHMI) outside the vehicle. Combining traditional literature review and bibliometric research methods, it provides Researchers and practitioners provide more detailed information on research progress in the field of human-vehicle interaction.

In order to analyze the research progress, research hotspots and theoretical basis of Affordance-Based-Design, and explore new trends in the future, this paper systematically reviews the research progress of Affordance-Based-Design with the help of the WOS literature database, combining with literature clustering, literature metrology, and other methods. A total of 534 papers belonging to 61 countries, 670 research institutes, and comprising 2822 keywords, are retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection for network construction and analysis. The results show that the number of literature within the scope of retrieval is on the rise, and the process has experienced three stages. The United States, the United Kingdom and China are leading in this direction, while South Korea's influence on Affordance-Based-Design has increased rapidly in the past five years. The research hotspots mainly focus on user experience in products and interfaces, innovative design methods and practices, real and virtual environments, Social media and communications, Mechanism of user behavior and so on. It can be seen from the co-citations of references that the evolution of affordance theory has mainly experienced two aspects, that is, the transformation of the nature of affordance and the expansion of design objects under the guidance of affordance. Based on affordance theory, it is possible to design products, interfaces, and environments that are both practical and easy to be perceived by expected users, thereby reducing user learning costs and improving user experience. Especially in the context of the rise of the metaverse concept, designing a more immersive virtual environment based on affordance theory is the research frontier of Affordance-Based-Design.

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The unpredictable behavior patterns of self-driving vehicles in SAE level 3 autonomous driving can be untrustworthy to the driver. In self-driving vehicles, vehicle actions must be fed back to the user so that they are aware of the vehicle's actions. Otherwise, opaque information can lead to distrust of the vehicle by the driver. Flat-view displays (HUDs) provide an opportunity to visually and effectively inform drivers about vehicle perception and interpretation of the driving environment. Research has illustrated the importance of where and when HUD information is displayed. In "warning" situations, the timing of the display of necessary information can have a significant impact on driving safety; if warning messages are not properly placed or timed, drivers may have difficulty (or even fail to detect) the warning, thereby seriously endangering their safety and that of others. Drivers must detect and understand vehicle action messages when they are first displayed and turn their attention to the road as soon as possible so that they can take over the vehicle, react to potential hazards ahead or around them, and successfully avoid an accident. As a result, where/when the HUD is placed to display this dynamic information is critical; otherwise, the HUD's benefits will be negated. In this work, a driving experiment divided 26 participants into two groups (conservative drivers and novice drivers) and focused on the impact of HUD information presence timing on user experience and trust, measuring the impact of three HUD information presence timings (50m/70m/90m) on novice driver trust across four driving tasks (steer/stop/start/change lanes). The experimental setup was conducted in a simulated cockpit with a screen placed in front of the cockpit and a record of real driving displayed on a canvas screen. Subjects completed the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ), the Trust Scale (TS), and the Preference for Overall Driving Experience (PREF) scale by watching a video. After completing the scales, user interviews were conducted to understand the reasons for the users' subjective preferences and other additional information. The results showed that the HUD message display enhanced the user experience and trust in the automated system. Significant differences were found in the timing of HUD messages by driving scenario as well as in preferences for the timing of HUD messages by driving style. The interaction of driving style with the driving environment and HUD complexity warrants further study. We present optimized design strategies for the timing of HUD information appearance based on the research.