We found that data source and definitions of at-risk denominator days meaningfully impact antibiotic SCRs. Centres should carefully consider these potential sources of variation when setting consumption benchmarks and internally evaluating use.

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Bacteriostatic and bactericidal action of various drugs were determined against 147 and 112 strains, respectively, of enteropathogenic E. coli of diverse origin. Because of its over-all effectiveness combined with a high degree of killing action, neomycin would seem to be the drug of choice for the treatment of infantile diarrhea of E. coli etiology. Of the bacteriostatic drugs tested, both the tetracycline group and chloramphenicol exhibited a degree of activity that would account for their clinical usefulness in this disease. However, fewer strains of E. coli were resistant to chloramphenical than to the tetracyclines. Variation in bacteriostatic response occurred with all drugs but was most pronounced with the tetracyclines. The degree of variation emphasizes the need for laboratory control in the treatment of infantile diarrhea due to enteropathogenic E. coli. The tetracycline drugs do not always show equal activity in the lower drug ranges, although cross resistance is common, and free substitution of one for the other is not recommended. Streptomycin showed poor activity against most of the strains tested and probably would be of little value in most clinical cases. All four serotypes exhibited the drug patterns noted but the group 0127:B8 contained the largest number of resistant strains.

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