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T HE purpose of this paper is to illustrate some methodological approaches to the study of human values, and to cite results obtained when these approaches are applied in a cross-cultural investigation of ways in which college students from the United States, India, Japan, China, and Norway say they would like to live. Emphasis is directed toward (a) the development of a scale for the measurement of value, (6) the isolation and definition of variables to serve as primary value dimensions, and (c) the utilization of both the measurement scale and the value dimensions to characterize differentially the value systems of the five culturally defined samples.The material to be analyzed consists of ratings of 13 possible ways to live by male college students from each of the five cultures. The "Ways to Live" document on which the ratings were obtained appears as Table 1. The various ways to live represent, for the most part, conceptions of a desirable life as embodied in the main religious and ethical traditions. They may be regarded as fragments of value-orientations as that term is used by Kluckhohn and his collaborators (3).