Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the health problems that is growing rapidly today. In Asia, majority of the population are non-obese with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Two main defects of T2DM, insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion due to reduced pancreatic β cells. Persistent metabolic stress due to hyperglycemic conditions, causes inflammation of the islets of Langerhans. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) signaling is the most frequent pathway inducing β cell dysfunction. The bariatric Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) procedure increases particular hormone which stimulates β cell growth and pancreatic insulin production. Aside from the role as a blood glucose regulator, insulin also plays a role in anti-inflammatory modulation. Omentoplasty can be used to wrap organ or tissue structures. The Omentum has unique biological functions, including promote tissue regeneration and anti-inflammatory effect. The study evaluates the effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy and pancreas Omentoplasty procedures on β cell insulin expression and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) serum levels in non-obese diabetes mellitus subjects.Methods: Experimental study with "post-test control group design" on 27 rats with Diabetes Mellitus was divided into 3 groups: K (control), P1 (Sleeve Gastrectomy), P2 (Sleeve Gastrectomy + Omentoplasty). 10 days after procedure, we evaluated the insulin expression of β cells using monoclonal antibody anti-insulin stain and IL-1β serum levels using rat IL-1β Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Statistical analysis with Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test. Correlation test with Spearman.Results: β cell insulin expression increased in P2 (p=0.020), compared to control. While the IL-1β serum levels reduced significantly in all groups (p<0.001) compared to control. Moderate negative correlation (r = -0.476) between β cell insulin expression and IL-1β serum levels.Conclusion: Sleeve gastrectomy and omentoplasty increased β cell insulin expression and decreased IL-1 β serum levels in non-obese rats with diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases that that is still growing today especially diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). Diabetes in non-obese patients is an important problem to solve because it tends to be worse than DM in obese patients. Chronic hyperglycemia can damage body tissues through several mechanisms like polyol pathway, hexosamine pathway, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and advance glycation end products (AGEs). This pathway can damage the pancreas so that insulin cannot be secreted and worsen the condition of diabetes. Sleeve gastrectomy procedure can secrete hormones such as insulin, GLP-1, PYY (Peptide YY) dan PP (Pancreatic polypeptide) which play a role in the regulation of glucose in the blood. Omentoplasty can play a role in cell regeneration, especially Langerhans β cells so that insulin can be produced adequately. Objective to evaluate the effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Pancreas Omentoplasty on Pancreatic VEGF Intensity in non-obese diabetes mellitus rats. Methods True experimental study with "post-test only control design" on 18 rats with Diabetes Mellitus was divided into 3 groups: K (control), P1 (Sleeve Gastrectomy), P2 (Sleeve Gastrectomy + Omentoplasty). 10 days after procedure, we evaluated the VEGF Intensity using immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis with One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD. Result Pancreatic VEGF increased in P1 and P2. In all groups in pancreatic VEGF levels were statistically significant (p = <0.01). Conclusion Sleeve Gastrectomy and Pancreas Omentoplasty increased pancreatic VEGF in non-obese rats with diabetes mellitus.