Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human gammaherpesvirus carried by more than 90% of the world's population, is associated with malignant tumors such as Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), Hodgkin lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoma, extra-nodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal and gastric carcinomas in immune-compromised patients. In the process of infection, EBV faces challenges: the host cell environment is harsh, and the survival and apoptosis of host cells are precisely regulated. Only when host cells receive sufficient survival signals may they immortalize. To establish efficiently a lytic or long-term latent infection, EBV must escape the host cell immunologic mechanism and resist host cell apoptosis by interfering with multiple signaling pathways. This review details the apoptotic pathway disrupted by EBV in EBV-infected cells and describes the interactions of EBV gene products with host cellular factors as well as the function of these factors, which decide the fate of the host cell. The relationships between other EBV-encoded genes and proteins of the B-cell leukemia/lymphoma (Bcl) family are unknown. Still, EBV seems to contribute to establishing its own latency and the formation of tumors by modifying events that impact cell survival and proliferation as well as the immune response of the infected host. We discuss potential therapeutic drugs to provide a foundation for further studies of tumor pathogenesis aimed at exploiting novel therapeutic strategies for EBV-associated diseases.

A new low-power wrist-worn miniature device used for real-time wireless heart rate (HR) monitoring and fall detection is presented here. This device consists of sensors, signal condition circuits, microcontroller, and system communication module. Power management and algorithms are applied to achieve low power function. Using PASW Statistics 18.0(SPSS Statistics) software to analyze the 54 HR date gotten from Six subjects ,we find that the average and standard deviation of the proposed device are 60.83 and 9.705 while they are 61.96 and 9.317 by using POLAR RS100(Polar Electro).The Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.975(p<0.01). Results show that proposed device has good consistency as compared to the POLAR RS100. A low-power, low-cost MEMS accelerometer is used to detect the fall. Results show that we can detect the occurrence of a fall according to the threshold which is significant different from stationary, walking and standing up from sitting situations. When people worn the device fall down, an interrupt will be generated and sent to the microcontroller for further process immediately. 245 samples are tested, and the fall forwards detection accuracy is 93.75%.The device is useful to detect heartbeat problems in long-term vital sign monitoring such as combat medics, mountain climbers, etc. And also it is useful to detect health condition of elderly people.

A dark-hollow beam (DHB) is generated by a coupling of a single fundamental mode He-Ne laser beam with a misalignment multimode fibre (MMF) in a special way. Effects of the misalignment angle, diameter and length of the MMF are studied. The generated DHBs can be used for guiding and trapping of atoms, manipulating particles, or as optical tweezers.