With the gradual liberalization of the energy market, the future integrated energy system will be composed of multiple agents. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimization dispatch method considering energy hub technology and multi-agent interest balance in an integrated energy system. Firstly, an integrated energy system, including equipment for cogeneration, renewable energy, and electric vehicles, is established. Secondly, energy hub technologies, such as demand response, electricity storage, and thermal storage, are comprehensively considered, and the integrated energy system is divided into three agents: Integrated energy service providers, renewable energy owners, and users, respectively. Then, with the goal of balancing the interests of each agent, the model is solved by the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III) to obtain the Pareto frontier. Since the Pareto frontier is a series of values, the optimal solution of each agent in the Pareto frontier is found by the technical for order preference with a similar to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Ultimately, taking an integrated energy demonstration park in China as a case study, the function of energy hub technology is analyzed by simulation, and the proposed method is verified to be effective and practicable.Energies 2019, 12, 3112 2 of 17 energy system. The proposed model and algorithm analyze the action of each unit in economic dispatch and wind-power accommodation effectively, verifying its efficiency and applicability; in [7], the two-stage optimization algorithm was used to optimize the park-level integrated energy system. The upper layer is aimed at the minimum total annual cost, annual pollution emission, and annual energy consumption, and the lower layer is aimed at the lowest operation and maintenance cost, which can effectively increase the overall benefit of the system. The authors of [8] established an integrated energy model for multi-energy complementary and coordinated development, proposed a distribution network planning strategy based on integrated energy system optimization, and looked to the future of integrated energy systems across regions.The ETH Zurich Institute first proposed the concept of an energy hub (EH) in the "Future Energy Network Vision" project in 2007 [9]. An energy hub is defined as an input-output port model that describes the exchange and coupling relationships between energy, load, and networks in a multi-energy system. The coupling matrix plays an important role in the planning and operation of multi-energy systems as it can briefly represent the various coupling relationships, such as transformation, storage, and transmission between electric, heat, and cooling [10,11]. As demand response technology plays an important role in promoting operational efficiency of the power system, the optimization dispatch model of integrated energy considering demand response technology is a continuous improvement [12,13]. Based the decentralized load-side demand response structure, some scholars proposed integrated demand ...
The clause "Dying of sudden diseases within 48 hours is deemed as work-related injury" is defined clearly in the identification of work-related injury in China, though it plays an active role to some degree in protecting the rights and interests of laborers, yet there are still lots of disadvantages existing in practice, which is urgent for improvement. Considering the frequent death from overwork occurring in recent years, the article, based on cases, analyzes problems existing in the clause and suggests that the work factor should be emphasized in the identification of work-related injury and a legal concept of death from overwork shall be established initially to solve the dispute over the 48 hours clause, based on the analysis, the overwork death is finally incorporated into the work injury system so as to improve the identification standard and solve the difficulty of the time.
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