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Water tank is one important component of passive containment cooling system (PCS) of nuclear island building. The sloshing frequency of water is much less than structure frequency and large-amplitude sloshing occurs easily when subjected to seismic loadings. Therefore, the sloshing dynamics and fluid-structure interaction (FSI) effect of water tank should be considered when the dynamic response of nuclear island building is analyzed. A 1/16 scaled model was designed and the shaking table test was done, in which the hydrodynamic pressure time histories and attenuation data of wave height were recorded. Then the sloshing frequencies and 1st sloshing damping ratio were recognized. Moreover, modal analysis and time history analysis of numerical model were done by ADINA software. By comparing the sloshing frequencies and hydrodynamic pressures, it is proved that the test method is reasonable and the formulation of potential-based fluid elements (PBFE) can be used to simulate FSI effect of nuclear island building.

In the shaking table test of a soil–pile–bridge structure system, it is difficult to keep the similarity relations of the model structure and that of the model soil consistent. Due to the difference of geometry and material similarity ratios for the model structure and model soil, the determination of the duration compression ratio of input motions is a key problem. The spectrum characteristics of input motions will be varied by the duration compression ratio so that the seismic responses of structure and soil system will be affected. There are three commonly used approaches to determine the duration compression ratio of input motions in shaking table tests: the time similarity ratio of model structure; the time similarity ratio of model soil; and uncompressed. To study the influence of the duration compression ratio on the seismic response of a soil–structure system in shaking table tests, the El Centro record and the Wolong record were chosen as the input motions, and the durations were compressed by the three commonly used approaches in this paper. The influence of the duration compression ratios of the input motions on the acceleration response of a soil–pile–bridge structure system was compared and analyzed through a series of shaking table tests. The results showed that the duration compression ratio affected the acceleration response of the model soil and the model structure, and the effect was more obvious when the peak ground acceleration (PGA) was small. If the research is focused on the seismic response of the soil, it is recommended to use the time similarity ratio of the model soil to compress the input motions. If the research is focused on the seismic response of the structure, it is recommended to use the time similarity ratio of the model structure to compress the input motions. This study could provide a reference for the design of the shaking table test of a soil–pile–bridge structure system.