The phenomenon of spiritual bypass has received limited attention in the transpersonal psychology and counseling literature and has not been subjected to empirical inquiry. This study examines the phenomenon of spiritual bypass by considering how spirituality, mindfulness, alexithymia (emotional restrictiveness), and narcissism work together to influence depression and anxiety among college students. Results suggested that mindfulness and alexithymia accounted for variance in depression beyond what is accounted for by spirituality and that all 3 factors (mindfulness, alexithymia, and narcissism) accounted for variance in anxiety beyond what is accounted for by spirituality. Implications for counselors are provided. S pirituality and religion play an important role in the lives of a significant number of Americans. Researchers have found that 96% of Americans believe in a Higher Power, over 90% pray, 69% are members of a religious community, and 43% have attended a religious service within the past 7 days (Princeton Religion Center, 2000). Furthermore, spirituality is a central component of an individual's culture and development, both of which are considered core tenets of the counseling profession. As a result, spirituality continues to be a vital and growing area of interest within professional counseling and counselor education (Cashwell & Young, 2005).The assessment of client spirituality, in particular, seems vital (Harper & Gill, 2005). It is essential that spiritually competent counselors accurately assess the importance of spirituality in clients' lives and how this affects their presenting issues. Spirituality is deeply personal, developmental, and often difficult to describe in words, however, and an accurate assessment is often difficult. To further complicate the assessment process, it is essential that spirituality be assessed in ways that respect the belief systems and values of the client, even when these beliefs and values diverge from those of the counselor.It is easy to believe that clients who report strong convictions, a disciplined spiritual practice, and transpersonal experiences have a high level of spiri-
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