Carvacrol, thymol and eugenol belong to a class of naturally presenting phenols with a ten-carbon unit, which are present in essential oils of many plants. These versatile molecules are incorporated as useful ingredients in many food products and find applications in agricultural, pharmaceutical, fragrance, cosmetic, flavor and other industries. They are wide ranging of biological and pharmaceutical activities: anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgesic, anticancer and antioxidant. This review summarizes pharmacological and medicinal activities of these phytochemicals and their synthetic hybrids.

The terms phase transformation, polymorphism, disorder, isosterism, and isostructuralism are often the keywords used in the design and engineering of molecular crystals. Three benzoylcarvacryl thiourea derivatives with [-NH–C(S)–NH–C(O)-] cores generate molecular crystals, which provide the basis for exploring a common link between the structures related by aforementioned terms. The apparent “origin” of all these structural modifications has been traced to the formation of a planar molecular dimeric chain built with homomeric R2 2(12) and R2 2(8) synthons occurring in tandem, one formed with N–H···O and the other with N–H···S hydrogen bonds.

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Insect-growth regulators (IGRs) have been receiving foremost attention as potential means of selective insect control. Benzoyl phenyl urea (BPU) is a well-known IGR having chitin synthesis inhibitor activity. Mimics of BPU have been synthesized by suitable derivatization of a naturally occurring monoterpenoid, thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methyl phenol) to form a = series of substituted benzoyl thymyl thioureas (BTTUs) [IVa-f] and benzoyl thymyl ureas (BTUs) [Va-f]. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR, LC-MS and elemental analysis. These derivatives have been screened for their effect on total haemocyte count of Dysdercus koenigii. It has been observed that the introduction of substituted benzoyl thiourea and urea linkage into a thymol ring via an amino group results in higher activity than the parent compound thymol and a comparable pattern of results with the standard insect-growth regulators, Penfluron. Urea [Va-f] compounds exhibited greater effect on Total Haemocyte Count (THC) than thiourea [IVa-f]. Fluoro substitution enhanced the effect on THC more than chloro substituted compounds, while ortho-substitution resulted in a better effect than para-substitution. The results described in this paper are promising and provide new array of synthetic chemicals that may be utilized as insect growth regulators.