The choice of a packaging material for any agricultural produce differs with the type of markets in which the products are distributed. In developing countries, this choice is largely determined by the cost and availability of packaging materials. Seed storage is an integral part of seed production programme. Seeds of many field crops are produced with greater care and cost. Hence, a good storage is essential to keep them alive and vigorous until required for subsequent sowing season. Seed is said to be in storage in various stages from harvest to sowing. Further the left over seeds are to be stored without appreciable decline in quality in order to meet the further demand. Generally, seeds stored in moisture impervious sealed containers stored better compared to moisture pervious containers under ambient storage as well as cold storage conditions. The prevailing relative humidity and temperature of the atmosphere influence greatly the longevity of seeds, since moisture content of seeds fluctuates more in moisture pervious containers than in moisture vapour proof containers. The packaging materials used are decided by kind and quantity of seed to be packed, the type of package, duration of storage, storage temperature and relative humidity of the storage area, etc. The studies of vacuum packaging are therefore expected to address some of these problems and thus maintain quality of agricultural produce for a relatively longer period over traditional packaging and extending the shelf life, seed storability and seed quality of the same.
Pesticides have become an essential part of agricultural and horticultural practices. There is continuous development of new pesticides to address specific requirement (insect /pest control). New pesticides with specific mode of action, combination to two or more pesticides for enhanced bio-efficacy, new innovation in the field of slow and sustained delivery of chemical are making the pesticides influence positively in growth and development of plant. In present investigation, all four pesticides used at recommended dosage suggested by agricultural experts. These pesticides are most proffered by farmers to control fruit and shoot borer on brinjal. A study on the influence of pesticides persistence on biochemical and yield parameters of brinjal was conducted during kharif and rabi 2013-14 and 14-15 with the objective of physiological responses of different varieties of brinjal (Malapur local-V 1 , Kalpataru-V 2 , Manjula-V 3 , Manjari-V 4) sprayed with four different pesticides (thiodicarb-P 1 , spinosad-P 2 , profenophos-P 3 and chlorantranilliprole-P 4). The P 0 treatment considered as a non-sprayed control. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The pesticides sprayed at recommended dose (thiodicarb 75WP@1 g-1 l, spinosad 45SC@0.1 ml-1 l profenophos 50EC@2 ml-1 l and chlorantraniliprole 20 SC@0.5 ml-1 l) suggested by agricultural experts. Results indicated highly significant differences between the varieties and pesticides treatments at all the stages and in both the seasons. The interaction between the varieties and pesticide treatments was also significant at all the stages. The values of chlorophyll content successive increased from 70 to 90 DAT and decreases from 115 and 125 DAT in both the seasons. The magnesium content in fruits was recorded highest at 90 DAT followed by 80 DAT irrespective of varieties and pesticides. It is clear from the data that Manjar treated with Profenophos indicated maximum magnesium content recorded followed by Manjari treated with chlorantraniliprole compared to other interaction. Total marketable yield noticed maximum in Manjari followed by Manjula and Kalpataru while least was in Malapur local. The profenophos treatments observed with highest marketable yield over the chlorantraniliprole. Spinosad and thiodicarb treatments. Among all the interaction, V 4 P 3 (6.12 kg plant-1) recorded maximum marketable fruit yield and minimum was in untreated Malapur local varity of brinjal interaction. Different varieties of brinjal used in investigation to assess its behavior in regard to find its optimum tolerance limit for healthy growth for maximizing quality production and to minimize the risk of stress created by pesticides in the brinjal during different growing seasons. Lot of work done on plant protection by different agrochemical/pesticides, but this study helpful to know the effects of different pesticides on plant growth and metabolism.
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