Durability of bioprosthetic valves in the pulmonary position was suboptimal. Valve function was maintained stable until 5 years after operation. By 10 years, however, about 80% will require reoperation or manifest valve dysfunction. In our experience, the stentless valve was less durable than stented valves.

Midterm outcomes of PVR in patients with chronic PR were acceptable. PVR should be considered before RV EDVI exceeds 163 ml/m(2) or RV ESVI exceeds 80 ml/m(2), with more attention to RV ESVI.

No abstract

Post-fixation treatment with glycine, high-concentration GA fixation in organic solvent and combined treatment of these all strongly prevented calcification of GA-fixed bovine pericardium in rat subcutaneous implantation model.

The Warden procedure is a safe and effective surgical option for repair of PAPVC to the SVC in terms of preserving the sinus node function and non-obstructive pulmonary venous pathway. However, more attention must be paid to the reconstruction of non-obstructive systemic venous pathway, especially in younger and smaller children. Patch augmentation could be considered and effectively performed, if there is any doubt regarding tension-free anastomosis.