Background: Caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSP) is defined as blastocyst implantation occurring in a uterine scar. The incidence of CSP continues to rise with increasing caesarean section rates; prevalence is estimated to be 1:1800 to 1:2226 of all pregnancies. To date, over 30 treatment regimens have been published. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists guidelines (2016) state there is insufficient evidence to support one specific intervention over another. Aim: To review outcomes of medical and surgical management of CSP cases at a single tertiary centre over a nine-year period, in order to establish the safest and most effective management approach. Materials and Methods: An audit was undertaken of patients treated for CSP between

Pregnancy is a risk factor for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in women with pre‐gestational diabetes. However, a minority of pregnant women with diabetes adhere to retinal screening recommendations. The introduction of an onsite retinal camera at our tertiary maternity hospital significantly increased the proportion of women who received at least one retinal screen during pregnancy (93.0% vs 54.3%, P < 0.001) and the identification of both DR and DR progression. We conclude that the use of a retinal camera in similar clinics is a feasible option to improve DR screening and diagnosis rates in pregnancy.

Background Women with type one diabetes experience poorer obstetric outcomes than normoglycaemic women in pregnancy. Objective To investigate the cost and clinical effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring (GCM) compared to self‐monitoring of blood glucose in improving obstetric outcomes in women with type one diabetes during pregnancy. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study included women with type one diabetes referred to a state‐wide tertiary obstetric centre before and after the introduction of government‐funded CGMs in Australia in March 2019. Forty‐nine women using CGMs were propensity matched on a range of clinical features with a historical group of 49 women with type one diabetes who exclusively used intermittent self‐monitoring of blood in the year prior to the introduction of funding of sensors. Medical records and administrative cost data were audited to quantify cost and clinical effectiveness. Results There were significantly lower pre‐term (95% CI 0.39–0.922; P = 0.026) and very pre‐term birth rates (95% CI 1.002–1.184; P = 0.041) in the CGM group. There was a significant reduction in the length of antenatal inpatient hospital stay (P < 0.01) and adult special care unit stay (P = 0.013) and neonatal admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (P = 0.0262) in the continuous glucose monitoring group. CGMs represented a net cost saving to the health care sector of $12 063 per pregnancy where the device was used, with an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $3275 per prevented pre‐term birth. Conclusions CGM use in pregnancy is a cost‐effective intervention for reducing the risk of pre‐term birth in women with type one diabetes, resulting in a net cost benefit to the health sector.

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Use of systemic retinoids accelerates the shedding of hyperkeratoic plates and improves scaling. Together with enhanced moisturisation, electrolyte care, sepsis prevention & physiotherapy, survival of 81% has been reported.