This study aimed at evaluating the effect of functional monomers in all-in-one adhesive systems on formation of acid-base resistant zone (ABRZ) in enamel and dentin. Experimental adhesive systems containing one of three functional monomers; MDP, 3D-SR and 4-META were applied to enamel or dentin surface and light-cured. A universal resin composite was then placed. The specimens were subjected to a demineralizing solution (pH 4.5) and 5% NaClO for acid-base challenge and then observed by SEM. The ABRZ was clearly observed in both enamel and dentin interfaces. However, enamel ABRZ was thinner than dentin ABRZ in all adhesives. Morphology of the ABRZ was different between enamel and dentin, and also among the adhesives. Funnel-shaped erosion was observed only in the enamel specimen with the 4-META adhesive. The formation of enamel/dentin ABRZ was confirmed in all adhesives, but the morphology was influenced by the functional monomers.

A rechargeable all-plastic battery was fabricated using (CH)x film as the electrode active material and P V D F . LiC104 9 PC [LiC1OJPC in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)] film as the electrolyte. The (CH)x/PVDF 9 LiC104 9 PC/(CH)x battery exhibited an open-circuit voltage of 3.4V, and an initial short-circuit current of 13 m A (weight of (CH)x electrode: ca. 4 rag; doping level, y = 0.008). E x p e r i m e n t a l energy density of 47 Wh/kg was obtained based on the weight of (CH)x film (weight

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The rechargeable all-plastic battery was fabricated using the (CH) x film as the electrode active material and PVDF·LiClO4·PC (LiClO4/PC in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)) film as the electrolyte. (CH) x /PVDF·LiClO4·PC/(CH) x battery exhibited an open-circuit voltage of 3.4 V and an initial short-circuit current of 10 mA (both electrodes; ca. 8 mg, doping level y=0.004). The maximum power density for this all-plastic battery was 1.1 kW/kg and an energy density of 6.5 Wh/kg (doping level y=0.004, weight of (CH) x electrodes; ca. 8 mg). This battery was investigated for 50 charge-discharge cycles, although doping levels were shallow (y=0.001). The coulombic efficiency was 53%.

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