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Patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who are treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) often experience metabolic changes that have an adverse effect on their over-all health status. This review will assess the effect of aerobic exercises on the lipid profile of individuals with HIV infection undergoing HAART. Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL (Cumulative index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), OVID, ProQuest, AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database), PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection and Pedro databases will be searched until June 2018. Studies that investigated the effects of aerobic exercises on the lipid profile of HAART treated patients with HIV will be included. Two reviewers will screen all articles for eligibility and independently evaluate the risk of bias, complete quality assessment and extract data for all included articles. Homogenous quantitative outcome data will be analyzed using a random effect model of meta-analysis with results presented as relative risk for dichotomous variable and standardized mean for continuous variable. Heterogeneous qualitative data will be analyzed using narrative synthesis. This systematic review will provide evidence about the effectiveness of aerobic exercises in managing HAART related dyslipidemia in patients with HIV infection and thus provide the impetus for more structured exercise interventions.

Objective To analyse the state of behavioural oncology research in Africa and outline key considerations for future research. Methods Five bibliographic databases were searched to identify original English‐language articles published between January 2000 and August 2020. The Behavioural Epidemiology Framework was applied to studies with data/findings from Africa to delineate their current state. Research gaps/opportunities available for behavioural oncology research in Africa were further highlighted. Results Two hundred eighty‐seven original research with findings from Africa has been published over the last two decades, with the highest contribution arising from Nigeria, Kenya, Ethiopia and South Africa. Cervical and breast cancers were the most widely investigated. Prominently studied behaviours relate to cancer screening, health literacy, lifestyle, and vaccination. Behavioural oncology literature in Africa is generally in Phases I and III and lacks in measurement studies (<2%) and studies that seek to evaluate behaviour change/health promotion interventions (<6%) or translate them into practice (13.2%). Conclusion Embracing new and progressive approaches, including methodological/analytical paradigms and implementation science is imperative to advance the frontiers of behavioural oncology research in Africa. This calls for a responsive research approach that can mobilise multidisciplinary/multilevel coalitions, ensuring a research structure that effectively integrates behavioural research and cancer prevention/control in the region.