Recently, halide perovskites have received significant attention as materials for various electronic applications such as photovoltaic cell, photodetector, light emitting diodes, sensors and etc., owing to their outstanding and unique...

No abstract

With the goal of discovering a more effective type of thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs), the phase equilibrium conditions of CH 4 hydrates were examined in the presence of morpholinium and piperidinium ionic liquids (ILs) at a mass fraction of 0.1. It was observed that the addition of ILs shifted the hydrate equilibrium conditions toward higher pressure and lower temperature compared with those of hydrates formed from pure water. Both cationic and anionic species influenced the equilibrium conditions of the CH 4 hydrate. The piperidinium ILs showed better inhibition effect than did the morpholinium ILs at the same species of counteranions. The result may be due to the more hydrophobic nature of piperidinium ILs, which have a higher affinity for CH 4 molecules. It was also seen that the inhibition effect of BF 4 − ions was stronger than that of Br − ions for both piperidinium and morpholinium ILs. Thus, the inhibition effect became stronger in the order:). The best among these ILs had inhibition effectiveness comparable with ethylene glycol and triethylene glycol, which are used commercially as THIs.