Of all classes of real estate, the hotel property is so unique in character and structure that assigning a value becomes the most intriguing aspect of the profession of Estate Surveying and Valuation. The uniqueness of the property rests partly on its distinctive outlay as against the business potential. Incidentally, most valuations of this property rely on the propensity of the property to produce acceptable returns to pay off the cost of investment and the management. Being that as it may, the quantum of externalities that play varying roles in shaping the final value of a hotel property is such that any professional must be careful not to circumvent even the minutest of considerations. It is all too known that the value of real estate rises and falls with the character of the neighbourhood and region where it is located. Hotels values are not different and in addition rise and fall with the whim of fashion and the fortunes of the region of location. This study examined not just the different methods and approaches to the valuation of a hotel property but also explored the benefits of other micro economic parameters that play significant roles in establishing the basis of any monetary index that could be referred to as value by conducting a comprehensive review of the hotel itself in comparison with its competitive market to confirm whether the hotel is under- or over performing against its competitors the intention being to have a grasp of the income-generating ability of the property upon which the application of a capitalization rate will convert the estimated cash flows into an estimated value. Though a 5 star hotel was used as case study, the outcome is applicable to all hotels carrying on business in Nigeria and other parts of the world. The study recommends among others that Estate Surveyors and Valuers involved in the valuation of hotels need to be skilled in reading financial statements and translating them into stabilized net-operating income because as much as hotel properties are physically different, in different locations, and with different management; volatility of the hospitality market and the external factors are bound to affect value. The study revealed that in so much as the travel patterns of lodgers were affected by the Covid 19 pandemic bringing with it a crash in the income-generating potential, the value of hotels was not so affected especially with relation to furniture, fittings and equipment.

Music is one activity that has continued to represent so many things to different people in different societies of the world. It presents itself in different styles and is used for different purposes. The mournful and slow type is often used in burials, funerals and spirit-cultural functions to depict the degree of reverence, attachment and affection to the parties involved in the ceremony. This paper examined the use of dirge in Arondizuogu South East Nigeria. It explained the several connections of the music to religious organizations as well as heathens and Christians who must use the music in appropriate circumstances not withstanding their faith. The paper relied on interviews and questionnaires as well as statistical techniques in analyzing the nature of the dance and the implication of participation thereof. It concludes that dirge is a unique song that could be danceable or otherwise but a required necessity in the passage of the soul to the great beyond. The paper recommends that people of all classes irrespective of race should pay attention to the lyrics, rhythm and voice of the music to appreciate the importance and participate actively as a means of respecting the dead and the God of the dead.

Imo State was created in 1976 among other States of the Federation of Nigeria. Today 2021 almost forty (40) years after, the state of development of its land and land infrastructures can at best be categorized as deplorable and polarized with unregulated, uncoordinated and un-unified development thus giving room to leap-frogging and unprogressive development of land resources. This paper examined some of the key issues bordering on land governance. It reviewed actions and inactions of government hindering access to land for housing, farming and public assets in the State. Effort was made to examine the laws and statutes of the Federation as well as the edicts of the State on land. Data were collected from varied sources including government gazettes and white papers as well as citizens of the State. The paper concluded among others that the spate of land acquisition and exploitation in Imo State is gargantuan that government must check same or run the risk of losing control of development of land resources in the State.

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