Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), has become the most destructive insect pest of Brassicaceae plants globally. Numerous control methods are available to control the moth, such as host plant resistance, physical controls, chemical controls, cultural controls, and biological controls. The continued application of insecticides has led to the development of resistance to almost 97 chemical compounds. The biological methods also became inefficient in the control of the moth. Therefore, nanotechnology would provide green and efficient alternatives for controlling the pest without harming environment. This review focuses on control methods used to manage diamondback moth and nanomaterials’ potential in insect pest management as modern nanotechnology approaches. It focuses on the past, present, and future scope of diamondback moth management

Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), which began to spread in Bhutan in recent years, is a highly destructive pest of maize that is native to the Americas. Due to the limited information available for developing sustainable management options for the new pest, current management practices are largely chemical-dependent. For use as a biological control option, we present a preliminary list of native natural enemies associated with Fall Armyworm that is collected from infested maize fields in west-central Bhutan. Visual observation, sweep net collection, and rearing of different Fall Armyworm stages were used for detection of the natural enemies. We identified 48 natural enemy species associ- ated with the Fall Armyworm infested maize fields. Parasitism was noted for Chelonus formosanus, Trichogramma sp., Winthemia trinitatis, Linnaemya sp. and Campoletis sonorensis while predation was observed by Polistes olivaceus, Stenodynerus smilibaronii, Tetraponera allaborans, Crematogaster rogennhoferi and Dolichoderus thoracicus on the Fall Armyworm.

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