The substitution reaction of benzoyl chloride (PhCOCl) and sodium acetate (CHsCOONa) using pyridine 1-oxide (PNO) as the inverse phase-transfer catalyst (IPTC) in a two-phase system of organic solvent and water was studied. The effects of the polarity of the organic solvent on the conversion of benzoyl chloride, the yield of the main product acetic benzoic anhydride (PhCOO-COCH3), and the reaction rate was investigated. A larger reaction rate was observed for a more polar organic solvent. In order to confirm this deduction, mixtures of inert organic substances of varied polarity were used as organic solvents in a two-phase reaction. The effects of such solvents, pyridine 1-oxide (PNO), and temperature on the conversion of benzoyl chloride, the reaction rate, and the yield of the main product acetic benzoic anhydride (PhCOOCOCH3) were also investigated in detail.

In the stirred batch experiment, the Mn(I1)-catalyzed bromate-saccharide reaction in aqueous H2S04 or HC104 solution exhibits damped oscillations in the concentrations of bromide and Mn(I1) ions. Peculiar multiple oscillations are observed in the system with arabinose or ribose. The apparent second-order rate constants of the Mn(II1)-saccharide reactions at 25°C are(0.659, 1.03, 1.76,2.32,and6.95) M-'s-'in 1.00MHzS04and(4.69,7.51, 10.2, 13.5,and36.2) M-' s-' in (2.00-4.00) M HClO4 for (glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and ribose), respectively. At 25"C, the observed pseudo-first-order rate constant of the Mn(III)-Br-reaction isand the rate constant of the BrZ-Mn(II) reaction is less than 1 x M-' s-'. The second-order rate constants of the Brz-saccharide reactions are (3.65 f 0.15, 11.0 2 0.5, 4.05, 12.5 2 0.7, and 2.62) x M-' s-' at 25°C for glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and ribose, respectively.

No abstract