This study reviews the superiority and limitations of the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)-based video watermarking scheme. First applies key frame selection to the video sequence to obtain an appropriate video frame for the purpose of watermark embedding in this paper. The Fibonacci-Lucas image transformation scrambles the grayscale watermark image before the embedding process. The former scheme satisfies the imperceptibility and robustness aspects. However, it can suffer from the False-Positive-Problem (FPP) in which a counterfeit watermark image can be easily reconstructed by a malicious attacker. This study presents a new technique for overcoming the FPP of the aforementioned scheme. The proposed method embeds the principal components of the watermark image rather than the Singular Value Matrix (SVM) into the host video. As results, the proposed methods yield promising results in terms of imperceptibility as well as robustness. At the same time, it solves the FPP. A theoretical analysis of embedded watermark information is also provided in this work. The theoretical analysis meets the experimental-based results in the SVD-based video watermarking scheme. INDEX TERMS False-positive-problem, watermarking, principal components, Fibonacci-Lucas transform, vulnerability attack.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.