variables were then correlated with the results from a pressure-flow study. RESULTSThe IPP was a statistically significant predictor ( P < 0.001) of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) compared with other variables in the initial evaluation. In all, 125 patients had significant BOO, defined as a BOO index of >40. Of these men, 94 had grade III and 30 had grade I-II IPP. Seventy-five patients had a BOO index of <40; 69 had grade I-II and six grade III IPP. In patients with BOO confirmed on the pressure-flow study, grade III IPP was associated with a higher BOO index than was grade I-II ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONThe IPP assessed by transabdominal ultrasonography is a better and more reliable predictor of BOO than the other variables assessed. KEYWORDS intravesical protrusion, prostate, lower urinary tract symptoms, bladder outlet obstruction OBJECTIVESTo determine the effect of intravesical protrusion of the prostate (IPP, graded I to III) on lower urinary tract function, by correlating it with the results of a pressure-flow study. PATIENTS AND METHODSIn a prospective study men (aged >50 years) with lower urinary tract symptoms were initially evaluated as recommended by the International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, together with the IPP and prostate volume, as measured by transabdominal ultrasonography. These

Urinary calculi are formed from a result of biological mal-adjustment of urine leading to deposits of salt and mineral crystals along the urinary collecting system. They are usually multiphasic material with complex compositions. The objective of this study is to identify and characterize a series of urinary calculi samples using a combination of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). These samples were retrieved during percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. Additional characterization by hardness value and microstructure is also carried out for co-relation study. The samples are found to be uric acid, calcium oxalates and magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate. TGA is indeed one of the viable analytical tools for urinary calculi as it is fast and simple. The combinational application of EDS is beneficial when there is a need for differentiated qualitative chemical composition detection at the identified nuclei position for urinary calculi with spatial variation in composition. The combination of TGA and EDS will thus facilitate the correct diagnosis and treatment by clinicians.

Radiomics is increasingly applied to the diagnosis, management, and outcome prediction of various urological conditions. Urolithiasis is a common benign condition with a high incidence and recurrence rate. The purpose of this scoping review is to evaluate the current evidence of the application of radiomics in urolithiasis, especially its utility in diagnostics and therapeutics. An electronic literature search on radiomics in the setting of urolithiasis was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus from inception to 21 March 2022. A total of 7 studies were included. Radiomics has been successfully applied in the field of urolithiasis to differentiate phleboliths from calculi and classify stone types and composition pre-operatively. More importantly, it has also been utilized to predict outcomes and complications after endourological procedures. Although radiomics in urolithiasis is still in its infancy, it has the potential for large-scale implementation. Its greatest potential lies in the correlation with conventional established diagnostic and therapeutic factors.

We report a rare case of penile fracture with complete urethral rupture in a 25-year-old male who sustained the injury during sexual intercourse. He presented with a tense haematoma on the ventral aspect of the penile shaft, associated with per urethral bleeding. Despite the injury, he was able to void painfully. Retrograde urethrography revealed complete obstruction at the proximal third of the urethra. Exploration and repair of the penile fracture and urethra were performed. The patient made an uneventful recovery with good erectile and voiding function. This case illustrates the value of retrograde urethrography in assessing urethral injuries in patients with penile fracture.