Diabetes mellitus has become a global pandemic and a major cause of death. Five million adults died from diabetes in 2017, accounting for 9.9% of all causes of mortality globally. 1 In Taiwan, diabetes was the fifth leading cause of death from 2016 to 2018, just behind malignancy, cardiovascular disease, pneumonia and cerebrovascular disease. 2 A nationwide survey in 2014 reported life expectancies of 39.6 and 33.4 years among women and men, respectively, in whom diabetes was diagnosed at the age of 40 years, which were 2.6 and 3.2 years less than in the general population. 3 It is well known that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of mortality for individuals with diabetes. 4 Patients with macrovascular diseases are at increased risk of death caused by ASCVD due to the pre-existing atherosclerotic lesions; however, it is questionable whether the patients with microvascular disease are also at high risk for mortality from ASCVD. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of in-hospital death of patients with type 2 diabetes with

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