After the global financial crisis occurred in 2008, thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD) industry, one of the major industries in Taiwan, has been subject to mass production and lowprice competition by manufacturers in China. As a result, companies are facing an increasingly tough operating environment and some of them had to conduct merger/acquisition and transformation and even went bankruptcy ultimately due to unbearable long-term losses. This study aims to apply data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) to evaluate changes in operation performance and productivity of listed companies operating in Taiwan TFT-LCD industry during the period between 2008 and 2017, and research results thereof could provide companies with a reference for organizing adjustment and developing strategies. According to research results: (1) among the six evaluated TFT-LCD manufacturers, TFT-LCD manufacturer F enjoys the best operation performance, and its overall technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency are above the average in the industry; therefore, TFT-LCD manufacturer F is considered as the benchmark enterprise among companies; (2) at the same technical level, both inputs of research and development (R&D) and human resources failed to be effectively utilized, which demonstrates that there is still a lot of room for improvement in operation efficiency of inefficient manufacturers. INDEX TERMS Data envelopment analysis (DEA), Thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD), operation performance, Malmquist productivity index (MPI), case study.

With increasing global awareness of environmental issues, international environmental protection policies and regulations have been enacted. Many enterprises have manufactured the products or required their suppliers to meet international standards to gain business opportunities and maintain competitiveness. Hence, the green investment, reverse logistics management, control and corporate responsibilities, and increasing profit and reducing operating costs ensure that enterprises' competitive advantages are central to enterprise management. In this study, literature analysis and experts survey were adopted, and questionnaires were administered to three optoelectronic enterprises and experts, to calculate the weights of all critical success factors and thus analyze the important reasons. The study results are as follows. To establish the optoelectronic industry and introduce reverse logistics, there are five dimensions: economic cost, customer cost, environmental protection need, green need, and social responsibility. The weights of the dimensions are arranged in order: economic cost (0.363), customer cost (0.268), environmental protection need (0.163), green need (0.112), and social responsibility (0.095). In addition, there are 17 evaluation indexes.