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Objectives: Peri-implantitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the bone surrounding the implant. It has become a common problem affecting the long-term survival of the implant with the increased use of implants for replacing the missing teeth. There are few studies that have examined the association between failing implants and Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Chronic Periodontitis (CP) with varying conclusions. The aim of this retrospective study is to compare and assess the risk for peri-implantitis in patients with SLE, RA, periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Dental and medical patient records were retrospectively reviewed from electronic health records of Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, United States between 2008-2021 for peri-implantitis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Chronic periodontitis (CP). Peri-implantitis, Periodontitis are diagnosed based on Schwartz criteria and World Workshop 2017 classification. SLE & RA were identified as part of medical history reported by the patient.Results: A total of 1231 patient records were analyzed. 832 patients (67.58%) had at least one systemic disease and 399 patients (32.25%) were systemically healthy patients. 109 patients (13.10%) patients who had systemic condition had peri-implantitis and 86.89% did not have any peri-implantitis. 3 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis had periimplantitis and only 12 patients with periodontitis had peri-implantitis. 47 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients did not have peri-implantitis. Conclusions:The results of the present study indicate that Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythromatosus and Chronic periodontitis did not pose any significant risk of getting peri-implantitis than systemically healthy patients.

Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic, long-term autoimmune condition that has chronic inflammatory effects in connective tissue throughout the body. There are numerous studies that have examined the association between systemic lupus erythematosus and chronic periodontitis, with varying conclusions. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate and compare the risk for periodontitis in patients with SLE to patients without SLE. Materials and Methods: Medical and dental records were retrospectively reviewed for patients that had been admitted to the Temple University School of Dentistry from 2010 to 2018. A roster of 22 SLE positive patients were generated from the Temple University patient database and matched to a control population of 22 patients without SLE. Periodontal probing depths were then documented and used to evaluate periodontal statuses in both test and control groups. Sites with probing depths ≥ 5 mm were considered to be at increased risk for periodontal breakdown. Prevalence was defined as the percentage of individuals having at least one site with a ≥ 5 mm probing depth, and extent was defined as the average percentage of sites with increased periodontitis risk. The number of missing teeth in patients from each group were also recorded as a secondary outcome. Results: The prevalence of ≥ 5 mm probing depths in SLE and control groups was 50 % (10/20) and 40.9 % (9/22), respectively. Calculations of relative risk (1.22) and odds ratio (1.44) were not statistically significant between the two populations (p > 0.05). The extent of ≥ 5 mm probing depths was 1.5 % in SLE patients and 3.7 % in healthy patients, which was also not significant between groups (p > 0.05). SLE patients were missing an average of 9.6 teeth per individual compared to 3.8 in healthy patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that patients with SLE do not have an increased risk for periodontitis when compared to patients without SLE. Risk analysis on the prevalence and the extent of deeper probing depths were not statistically different between SLE and control groups. Further studies with a larger sample size and elimination of unseen confounders are needed in order to validate our results. An interesting observation was the finding that SLE patients have a significantly greater number of missing teeth. The exact mechanism through which SLE patients experience periodontal breakdown and increased tooth loss is an avenue that warrants future research. Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); chronic periodontitis Abbreviations: SLE: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, CP: Chronic Periodontitis, SLEDAI: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index, BOP: Bleeding on Probing, CAL: Clinical Attachment Level.