As a new 2D carbon material allotrope composed of sp and sp2 carbon atoms, graphdiyne (GDY) possesses a highly conjugated porous structure, easily tunable intrinsic bandgap, and various excellent properties. Such properties allowed researchers to develop methods to prepare GDY, so that it can be applied for energy storage and conversion, environmental protection, various electronic devices and so on. In this review, the authors systematically discuss the methods and strategies developed for preparing GDY and its derivatives, including the synthesis of GDY by using liquid‐, solid‐, and gas‐phase methods, the synthesis of heteroatom‐doped GDY, the preparation of GDY‐based composites, and the synthesis of GDY analogues. All these preparation methods can provide the way to obtain GDY for specific studies and applications.

The properties of graphdiyne (GDY), such as energy gap, morphology, and affinity to alkali metals, can be adjusted by including electron‐withdrawing/donating groups. The push–pull electron ability and size differences of groups play a key role on the partial property adjusting of GDY derivatives MeGDY, HGDY, and CNGDY. Cyano groups (electron‐withdrawing) and methyl groups (electron‐donating) decrease the band gap and increase the conductivity of the GDY network. The cyano and methyl groups affects the aggregation of GDY, providing a higher number of micropores and specific surface area. These groups also endow the original GDY additional advantages: the stronger electronegativity of cyano groups increase the affinity of GDY frameworks to lithium atoms, and the larger atomic volume of methyl groups increases the interlayer distance and provides more storage space and diffusion tunnels.

The electrochemical properties of carbon-based materials such as graphite, graphene, carbon nanotube, etc, are highly related to their components, intrinsic structure, and the corresponding chemical-physical characteristics such as morphology and porous distribution et al [1][2][3][4][5]. In order to further improve the electrochemical performance of these carbon materials when used as electrode materials, great efforts have been carried out to systematically optimize their chemical structure and physical properties [6][7][8]. Among the various reported methods, heteroatomic doping (such as N, B, S, P) is one of the most efficient strategies [9][10][11][12][13]. During the process of heteroatomic doping, more porous structure and defect edges of the post-treating carbons can be formed, which would simultaneously provide more storage sites and diffusion space for the metal atoms and corresponding ions. As a result, both rate performance and circling stability of the electrochemical batteries based on doped carbons can be efficiently improved compared to those of primitive carbon-based devices [9][10][11][12][13]. Furthermore, carbon-based materials have also displayed improved electrochemical performance when used as an electrode material for a variety of

A novel interfacial synthetic approach for preparing varieties of gauze-like graphyne analogs.