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The mediated electrochemical method characterized by the combinational utilization of two double mediator systems was proposed to assess the fermentation efficiency of three yeasts. The mediator systems selected were the menadione/ferricyanide system and the 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP)/ferricyanide system. Both the electrochemical responses and succinate dehydrogenase assay suggested that the menadione/ferricyanide system made the yeasts switch to anaerobic respiration and, the DCPIP/ferricyanide system let the yeasts remain in theirs fermentative mode. The ethanol yields (g ethanol/g glucose) and the R D /R M (R D and R M refer to the electrochemical response from the menadione/ferricyanide system and the DCPIP/ferricyanide system, respectively) values are 0.47 and 0.38, 0.24 and 0.75, 0.23 and 0.81, respectively, for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pachysolen tannophilus and Pichia stipitis. The results showed that there was a negative correlation between the ethanol yields and the R D /R M values of the three yeasts, which showed the feasibility of the mediated electrochemical method in rapid fermentation ability assay.

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A new type of electrochromic donor–acceptor type copolymer was obtained by the electrodeposition method. The P(1-co-2) film exhibited a deep black color in the neutral state and a transmissive light gray color in the oxidized state.