Psycholexical studies of personality structure in several languages have recovered, in addition to variants of the Big Five factors, a sixth factor that has been given names suggesting honesty, such as ‘Integrity’, ‘Trustworthiness’, ‘Truthfulness’, and ‘Values’. Using a sample of Korean respondents (N = 610), we correlated lexical markers of the Big Five and the Honesty factor with several questionnaire variables that are relevant to the exploitation of others, including Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, and Social Adroitness. Results indicated that those measures were much more strongly related to the Honesty factor than to any of the Big Five. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of ACT on smartphone addiction level, self-control, and anxiety of college students with smartphone addiction. 320 college students who lived in Chonbuk completed SAPS-A. 42 students who gained more than 40 points score by SAPS-A completed SCRS, STAI, and AAQ-16 as pre-treatment. Final 18 participants were randomly assigned to 9 in the ACT group and 9 in control group. ACT program was administered for 8 sessions, follow-up study was conducted at the end of treatment and at 4 weeks follow-up periods. The results of this study were as follows: Smartphone addiction and anxiety levels of ACT group were significantly reduced and maintained until the follow-up. Self-control and Acceptance-action levels were significantly increased and maintained until the follow-up. It has been confirmed that ACT had an effect on smartphone addiction treatment, anxiety decrease and self-control ability improving, therefore, based on this result, further research will be needed to apply the ACT on smartphone addiction treatment in families, school, local community, etc

BackgroundThe Short Form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) is the most widely used assessment of the quality and intensity of pain. In previous validation studies, the factor structure of the SF-MPQ varied widely from various two-factor structures to a five-factor structure, although research on the SF-MPQ quite consistently supports its two-factor structure (i.e., sensory and affective) across different countries and languages. In Korea, the results of exploratory factor analysis of a Korea version of SF-MPQ (KSF-MPQ) showed 2-factor structure consisting of ‘sensory’ and ‘affective’ excluding two items such as splitting and heavy. As an attempt to further validate the KSF-MPQ, the purpose of this study was to confirm whether the KSF-MPQ model is an appropriate model for chronic pain patients in Korea by comparing several alternative models of the SF-MPQ.FindingsA total of 150 chronic pain patients seeking treatment in Seoul, Korea, participated and completed the KSF-MPQ. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the adequacy of the KSF-MPQ model and several alternative models. The results indicated that the adjusted KSF-MPQ model showed the best fit to the data among the models in chronic pain patients in Korea.ConclusionsThe results showed the KSF-MPQ is cross-culturally equivalent to the original questionnaire. Thus, the KSF-MPQ is valid measurement for assessing the quality and intensity of pain to chronic pain patients and may be helpful in clinical and research settings in Korea.

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We examined the gender dependence of the relationships between sensory and affective pain and pain catastrophizing. Study participants were 170 people who were receiving treatment for chronic pain at a university pain clinic in Daegu, Republic of Korea. For men, higher levels of sensory pain were associated with greater pain catastrophizing at low and average levels of affective pain, but not at a high level of affective pain. For women, higher levels of affective pain were associated with greater pain catastrophizing, regardless of the degree of sensory pain. These results suggest that sensory pain, affective pain, and their combination may have gender-dependent effects on pain catastrophizing in people who are experiencing chronic pain. Most importantly, affective pain appears to play a major role in pain catastrophizing, regardless of gender and, for men, the role of sensory pain in pain catastrophizing requires consideration.