Yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is a rare disorder characterized by chronic/recurrent rhinosinusitis, pleural effusion, bronchiectasis, lymphedema and dystrophic yellow nails. The classic triad of lymphedema, slow growing yellow nails, and pleural effusion, described by Emerson, is seen in only one third of patients. Here we report a case of yellow nail syndrome presented with cough, worsening symptom of breathlessness, leg edema and nail changes, waxing and waning for about 17 years.Key words: Yellow nail; lymphedema; pleural effusion; maxillary sinusitis. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v28i1.4645 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2010; 28: 49-52

Schwannomas are benign slow growing tumors that arise from the Schwann cells of nerve, also called neurilemmoma. Head and Neck schwannomas usually present as solitary with well demarcated lesions. These tumors usually remain asymptomatic but present as slowly enlarging neck masses. Its origin is only determined during surgical procedure along the course and distribution of the nerve. Preoperative diagnosis is usually made by physical examination and aided by ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography and fine needle aspiration cytology but open biopsy is not recommended. The main stay of treatment is complete intracapsular excision with preserving the nerve of origin.

Background and objective: Septoplasty is the common surgical procedure performed in nasal septal deviation. Nasal obstruction is the most frequent presentation to the otolaryngologist all over the world with septal deviation. Patients usually presented with headache, epistaxis, ophthalmological, otological, upper and lower respiratory tract infections; and many more. Physical examination, Anterior Rhinoscopy (AR) and Nasal Endoscopy (NE) are considered the gold standard tools to detect septal deviation. Computed Tomography (CT) contributes in the evaluation of the nasal septum, anatomical variants and unveils the associated sinonasal diseases. This study aimed to assess the contribution of CT in endoscopic septoplasty for long term benefi ts to the patients. Patients and methods: 188 patients of nasal septal deviation were selected from 2015 to 2019 in the Bangladesh Medical and Popular Medical College Specialized Hospital. Age ranged in between 10 year to 70 year of age. CT scanning in both coronal, axial and sagittal sections had been done in all patients after proper history taking, physical examination, anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopy. Endoscopic septoplasty alone and/or other ancillary procedures were performed in all 188 patients under general anesthesia. Results: Among 188 patients, male was 126 (67%) and female was 62 (33%) with a ratio 2:1. Maximum 63 (34%) reported in 31 to 40 year and 54 (29%) was found in 21 to 31 year of age. Hypertrophied Inferior Turbinate (HIT) 74 (39%) and 54 (29%) concha bullosa (CB) were associated with 188 septal deviation. Associated pathologies like maxillary sinusitis 82 (44%) and maxillary antral cyst 78 (41%) were documented. Conclusion: CT scanning detects the abnormal anatomic variants and associated sinonasal pathologies along with nasal septal deviation. Endoscopic septoplasty, correction of the anatomical variants and complete surgical clearance of the sinonasal pathologies can give the patient a long term outcome.

Pre-styloid compartment houses the deep lobe parotid, ectopic salivary glands, a small branch of the trigeminal nerve, the ascending pharyngeal artery, the pharyngeal venous plexus, and lymph nodes. The post-styloid compartment contains mainly adipose tissue, Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) and Internal Jugular Vein (IJV), cranial nerves IX-XII, the cervical sympathetic trunk, and lymph nodes.

In tropical countries like Bangladesh, persons are bitten by snakes every day and a considerable number of patients die en route to the hospital. An event of consecutive neurotoxic bites on two men by a single snake was observed in the Snake Bite Study Clinic (SBSC) of the Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH). Two brothers, working in their semi-pucca restaurant, were successively bitten by the same cobra on their lower limbs. Within an hour, they were taken to the CMCH. Few minutes after admission, both developed symptoms of neurotoxicity: ptosis, nasal voice, dysphagia, broken neck sign, etc. They received polyvalent antivenom (Haffkine Bio-Pharmaceuticals Company, India) and other auxiliary treatment immediately. Within few hours, neurotoxic features were completely absent. Later, the snake was captured in the restaurant kitchen and identified as monocellate cobra (Naja kauthia) by the SBSC. The elder brother developed significant antivenom reactions and both presented necrosis and ulceration at the bite sites. In these cases, immediate arrival to the hospital and early administration of antivenom resulted in successful recoveries