Training with low muscle glycogen reduced training intensity and, in performance, was no more effective than training with high muscle glycogen. However, fat oxidation was increased after training with low muscle glycogen, which may have been due to the enhanced metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle.

The results demonstrate that glucose infusion had no effect on 1-h cycle time-trial performance, despite an increased availability of plasma glucose for oxidation and evidence of increased glucose uptake into the tissues.