The moderate heat treatment of amphotericin B (AmB) in its micellar form (M-AmB) results in superaggregates (H-AmB) that present a substantially lower toxicity and similar activity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the H-AmB behavior after a freeze-drying process. H-AmB and M-AmB micelles were evaluated before and after freeze-drying concerning their physicochemical and biological properties by spectrophotometry and activity/toxicity assay, respectively. Four concentrations of M-AmB and H-AmB were studied aiming to correlate their aggregation state and the respective biological behavior: 50 mg L(-1), 5 mg L(-1), 0.5 mg L(-1), and 0.05 mg L(-1). Then, potassium leakage and hemoglobin leakage from red blood cells were used to evaluate the acute and chronic toxicity, respectively. The efficacy of M-AmB and H-AmB formulations was assessed by potassium leakage from Candida albicans and by the broth microdilution method. After heating, in addition to an evident turbidity, a slight blueshift from 327 to 323 nm was also observed at the concentrations of 50 and 5 mg L(-1) for H-AmB. Additionally, an increase in the absorbance at 323 nm at the concentration of 0.5 mg L(-1) was detected. Concerning the toxicity, H-AmB caused significantly lower hemoglobin leakage than M-AmB. These results were observed for H-AmB before and after freeze-drying. However, there was no difference between H-AmB and M-AmB concerning their activity. Accordingly, the freeze-drying cycle did not show any influence on the behavior of heated formulations, highlighting the suitability of such a method to produce a new AmB product with a long shelf life and with both greater efficiency and less toxicity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.