A bicyclic peptide scaffold was chemically adapted to generate diarylethene‐based photoswitchable inhibitors of serine protease Bos taurus trypsin 1 (T1). Starting from a prototype molecule—sunflower trypsin inhibitor‐1 (SFTI‐1)—we obtained light‐controllable inhibitors of T1 with Ki in the low nanomolar range, whose activity could be modulated over 20‐fold by irradiation. The inhibitory potency as well as resistance to proteolytic degradation were systematically studied on a series of 17 SFTI‐1 analogues. The hydrogen bond network that stabilizes the structure of inhibitors and possibly the enzyme–inhibitor binding dynamics were affected by isomerization of the photoswitch. The feasibility of manipulating enzyme activity in time and space was demonstrated by controlled digestion of gelatin‐based hydrogel and an antimicrobial peptide BP100‐RW. Finally, our design principles of diarylethene photoswitches are shown to apply also for the development of other serine protease inhibitors.
Solid-state 19 FNMR is ap owerful methodt o study the interactions of biologically active peptides with membranes. So far,i nl abelled peptides, the 19 F-reporter group has alwaysb een installed on the side chain of an amino acid. Given the fact that monofluoroalkenes are non-hydrolyzable peptideb ond mimics, we have synthesized am onofluoroalkene-based dipeptide isostere, Val-Y[(Z)-CF=CH]-Gly,a nd insertedi ti nt he sequence of two well-studied antimicrobial peptides:P GLa and (KIGAKI) 3 are representatives of an a-helix and a b-sheet. The conformations and biological activities of these labeled peptides were studied to assess the suitability of monofluoroalkenes for 19 FNMR structure analysis.[a] M.
Ein bizyklisches Peptid wurde mit einem Diarylethen modifiziert, um lichtschaltbare Inhibitoren der Serinprotease Bos taurus Trypsin 1 (T1) zu erzeugen. Ausgehend von dem Sonnenblumen‐Trypsin‐Inhibitor‐1 (SFTI‐1) als Prototyp, erhielten wir lichtschaltbare Inhibitoren von T1 mit Ki im niedrigen nanomolaren Bereich, deren Aktivität durch Bestrahlung mit Licht um das 20‐Fache moduliert werden konnte. Die inhibitorische Potenz sowie die Resistenz gegen proteolytischen Abbau wurden systematisch an einer Reihe von 17 SFTI‐1‐Analoga untersucht. Die Isomerisierung des Photoschalters beeinflusst das Netzwerk aus Wasserstoffbrücken, das zur Stabilisierung der Struktur der Inhibitoren dient, und möglicherweise auch die Bindungsdynamik zwischen Enzym und Inhibitor. Die Machbarkeit einer zeitlichen und räumlichen Manipulation der Enzymaktivität wurde durch kontrollierten Verdau eines Hydrogels auf Gelatinebasis und eines antimikrobiellen Peptids BP100‐RW bewiesen. Die angewendeten Designprinzipien für Diarylethen‐Photoschalter stellen eine Grundlage für die Entwicklung anderer Serinprotease‐Inhibitoren dar.
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