Pigs show an innate preference for umami (monosodium glutamate, MSG) taste. Nevertheless, the influence of a pre and postnatal umami exposure remains unclear. An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that MSG inclusion into maternal diets would modify the feeding behavior of post-weaning pigs. A total of 22 sows were selected on day 85 of gestation and randomly assigned to one of two gestating and lactating programs (standard commercial diets without or with 50 g/kg of MSG). Later, 208 pigs born from these sows were selected to evaluate their preference thresholds, sensory-motivated intake, total consumption, and consumption patterns for MSG and sucrose solutions. Pigs born from MSG-fed sows showed lower (p < 0.045) preference thresholds for MSG and sucrose than did animals born from control sows, and displayed an increased (p < 0.050) sensory-motivated intake for sucrose and decreased for MSG. Conversely, no differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the total consumption or consumption patterns of MSG or sucrose solutions among pigs born from control and MSG-fed sows. It is concluded that the feeding behavior of nursery pigs can be influenced by pre and postnatal inclusion of a taste active compound into maternal diets. It would appear that a compensatory mechanism to balance dietary nutrients might be in place.
Resumen: La retroalimentación se ha convertido en una práctica habitual en procesos de mejora docente, sobre todo en el contexto de la observación de aula. Sin embargo, se han identificado escasas herramientas que permitan conocer la calidad del feedback entregado a profesores. Por ello, el presente artículo presenta el proceso de diseño y validación piloto de un instrumento para evaluar y apoyar el desarrollo de habilidades de retroalimentación docente con foco instruccional. El diseño metodológico contempló el análisis de la literatura, la validación de contenidos con académicos y líderes escolares, y el análisis de confiabilidad con evaluadores independientes. Los principales resultados validan el instrumento tanto en contenido como en usabilidad, poniendo énfasis en la necesidad de centrar el foco de la retroalimentación en el estudiante, en el desempeño docente y el contenido curricular de la clase. Por otra parte, el testeo piloto de confiabilidad del instrumento mostró resultados concordantes entre evaluadores, medido a través del índice Kappa. Las principales conclusiones apuntan a la pertinencia de la herramienta, especialmente en procesos de desarrollo profesional de líderes escolares, sobre todo por su énfasis en el carácter pedagógico de la retroalimentación.
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