Objectif Cette recherche a pour objectif de comprendre au sein de la main-d'oeuvre canadienne, la distribution dans le temps des symptômes de détresse psychologique et des symptômes dépressifs à travers deux traits d'identité culturelle que sont l'ethnicité et le statut d'immigrant. Méthode Les données proviennent des neuf cycles de l'Enquête nationale sur la santé de la population (ENSP) de Statistique Canada contenant un échantillon de 7069 personnes en emploi. Des analyses de régressions multiples ainsi que des régressions multiples multiniveaux ont été estimées. Les analyses ont été ajustées pour l'âge, le genre, le statut matrimonial, le revenu du ménage, le soutien social hors travail, la scolarité, la présence d'enfants âgés de 0 à 5 ans et de 6 à 11 ans. Résultats À travers le temps, et après avoir contrôlé pour certaines variables confondantes, le statut d'immigrant ne s'associe ni aux symptômes de détresse psychologique, ni aux symptômes dépressifs. L'ethnicité, quant à elle, s'associe aux symptômes dépressifs, mais pas aux symptômes de détresse psychologique. En comparaison avec les personnes caucasiennes, les symptômes dépressifs seraient inférieurs chez les personnes issues des minorités visibles. Conclusion Contrairement au statut d'immigrant, l'ethnicité semble expliquer une partie des inégalités de santé mentale chez les personnes en emploi. Ainsi, dans les recherches futures, il s'agira de vérifier si les conditions de travail expliquent les inégalités ethniques de santé mentale dans la main-d'oeuvre canadienne.

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Cette recherche vise à comprendre en quoi les traits d’identité culturelle, plus particulièrement l’ethnicité et le statut d’immigrant, pourraient modifier la façon dont le travail s’associe aux symptômes de détresse psychologique au sein de la main-d’oeuvre canadienne. Les résultats basés sur les données longitudinales de l’Enquête nationale sur la santé de la population (ENSP) de Statistique Canada font état d’un rôle plus important de l’ethnicité en comparaison au statut d’immigrant.

PurposeThe COVID-19 crisis caused a high level of job insecurity, layoff and low employment opportunities. It generated a worldwide shock, which might have a long-lasting effect on individuals' careers. Changes might occur in terms of individuals’ career choices, objectives, perception of career success and preferences in terms of industries and work arrangements. This study aims to examine crisis-induced career shock among the workforce, which might be translated into changes or doubts related to career choices, objectives and perception of career success, and to analyze individuals' preferences in terms of industries and work arrangements. It focuses mainly on investigating variations among the workforce, based on gender, education level and ethnic origin. These variations are also examined regarding job insecurity, layoff and perceived employability.Design/methodology/approachFrequency counts, percentages, mean ranking, independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for a sample of 317 workers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Three research questions were developed and examined, which are: (1) is there a variation in the workforce, based on gender, education level and ethnic origin concerning crisis-induced career shock (specifically changes related to career choices, objectives and career success? (2) Is there a variation among the workforce related to career preference per industry and work arrangement? If yes, is there a difference in the workforce-based gender, education level and ethnic origin? And (3) is there a variation in the workforce, based on gender, education level and ethnic origin concerning job insecurity, layoff and perceived employability?FindingsThe findings revealed that career shock was significantly higher among pre-university respondents (specifically, doubts about career choices and perceived career success). As for career preferences per industry, e-business, media and marketing had significant values for all respondents, with e-business as the top-rated choice except for Emiratis who rated it as their third choice. Education was the choice of both men and women. The choices related to other industries (e.g. Healthcare, information, communication technology, etc.) and work arrangements (telework) varied significantly based on gender, education and ethnic origin. Men seem to worry more than women about losing their job as well as Emiratis compared to expatriates, and university-level respondents compared to pre-university.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to highlighting variations related to career shock and career preferences per industry among the workforce based on gender, education level and ethnic origin. This can help organizations in these industries to have a portrait of the situation in the employment market to be able to develop relevant interventions. This research provides insights for managers and HRM practitioners.Originality/valueThis study contributes to expanding research on career and career shocks in a context of a crisis. It responded to authors who called for more research about career shocks, as well as their implication for specific target groups, by examining variations based on gender, education level and ethnic origin.