Congenital glioblastoma multiforme is a rare tumor of the central nervous system with unique features. The existing evidence on its pathogenesis, genetic and molecular profile, special characteristics, treatment, and prognosis is reviewed. An increased number of antenatal diagnoses and prolonged survival for those individuals who can tolerate combined surgical resection and chemotherapy has been noted. The overall prognosis, however, remains poor. A better understanding of this unusual entity is important. Further research is needed to discern tumor's pathogenesis and natural history. This will likely lead to the development and implementation of treatment strategies that may decrease mortality and morbidity in these patients.

Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are uncommon in young adults and usually indicate an underlying disease. Systemic mastocytosis is a myeloproliferative neoplasm, which can be associated with osteoporosis. A previously healthy 30-year-old man presented with an L4 burst fracture after lifting a heavy object. He was operated with laminectomy and posterior lumbar instrumentation. During surgery, abnormally soft bone was noted. Postoperatively, osteoporosis was confirmed with measurement of bone mineral density. Further investigation revealed elevated serum tryptase levels while bone marrow biopsy findings showed systemic mastocytosis. He was also tested positive for D816V KIT mutation. Treatment with biphosphonates and interferon was initiated. No extraskeletal involvement was noted up to the last checkup, 18 months after the first presentation. Abrupt vertebral fractures in apparently healthy young individuals should raise the suspicion of an underlying pathology. Prompt identification and treatment of systemic mastocytosis is crucial in order to avoid unexpected sequelae.

Very few cases of cerebellar tonsillar herniation resulting from head trauma have previously been reported. We present a case of an 11-month-old girl who suffered a minor head trauma. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the head showed an occipital bone fracture and blood in the fourth ventricle. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain 2 days later revealed cerebellar edema and displacement of the cerebellar tonsils 6 mm below the foramen magnum. She was discharged from the hospital without neurological deficits. Repeat brain MRI scan, 1 month after trauma, demonstrated complete regression of the hindbrain herniation. During the hospital stay and at follow-up, no symptoms and signs related to posterior fossa involvement were noted.