Building energy consumption is increasing rapidly demanding urgent improvement of insulation techniques in order to promote the buildings energy efficiency. Kingdom of Bahrain presents huge energy demands to the residential buildings due to the continuing air condition units operation. Due to this reason, in the present paper we present the design and development of a modified mini scale hot box experimental apparatus as well as an experimental and an analytical investigation of the used insulation blocks and techniques in Bahrain, with the aim to measure and evaluate the thermal resistance. The experimental process is developed on the basis of a standardized hot -box design and manufactured with appropriate dimensions, in order to measure the temperature distribution according various climate conditions. Important results and estimations are produced concerning the thermal resistance of insulation blocks, temperature distribution and heat transfer coefficients. The results are accurate enough and these are validated with the corresponded ones of the literature, of analytical calculations as well as of the manufacture side. It seems that the insulation blocks efficiency is adapted to the regional climate conditions and possible reliable solutions can be applied for further improvement.

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