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In fluid-structure interaction problems, the fluid and solid components are solved separately and information is exchanged along the interface. This work shows the first stage of development and validation of a novel unified solution method suitable for computing fluid-structure interaction problems. In the new method, a single set of equations is used to describe both fluid and solid, while the interface between them is contained within the solution domain itself. This can be achieved by reformulating the solid equations to solve for the same primitive variables used in fluids i.e. velocity and pressure. The PISO algorithm is used to handle the velocity-pressure coupling. Although this is a standard approach for fluids, validation is needed for solids. Two cases are examined: wave propagation in a one-dimensional rod and oscillation of a 2D cantilevered beam. Appropriate set of boundary conditions is chosen for the free surface. The new formulation for solids is stable and robust, thus it can be used in the next stage in the development of a robust algorithm for coupled fluid-structure interaction problems.

Industrial glass blowing is an essential stage of manufacturing glass containers, i.e. bottles or jars. An initial glass preform is brought into a mould and subsequently blown into the mould shape. Over the last few decades, a wide range of numerical models for forward glass blow process simulation have been developed. A considerable challenge is the inverse problem: to determine an optimal preform from the desired container shape. A simulation model for blowing glass containers based on finite element methods has previously been developed [1, 2]. This model uses level set methods to track the glass-air interfaces. The model described in a previous paper of the authors showed how to perform the forward computation of a final bottle from the given initial preform without using optimisation. This paper introduces a method to optimise the shape of the preform combined with the existing simulation model. In particular, the new optimisation method presented aims at minimising the error in the level set representing the glass-air interfaces of the desired container. The number of parameters used for the optimisation is restricted to a number of control points for describing the interfaces of the preform by parametric curves, from which the preform level set function can be reconstructed. Numerical applications used for the preform optimisation method presented are the blowing of an axi-symmetrical ellipsoidal container and an axi-symmetrical jar.