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Background: This Atlas chapter summarizes the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women in Canada, discusses sex and gender disparities, and examines the intersectionality between sex and other factors that play a prominent role in CVD outcomes in women, including gender, indigenous identity, ethnic variation, disability, and socioeconomic status. R ESUM EContexte : Ce chapitre de l'Atlas condense l' epid emiologie des maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) chez les femmes au Canada, aborde les disparit es entre les sexes et les genres, et examine l'interrelation entre le sexe et d'autres facteurs qui jouent un rôle important dans l' emergence des MCV chez les femmes, notamment le genre, l'identit eCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death in women in Canada. 1 Beyond sex-unique CVD risk factors in women, several traditional risk factors have a greater morbidity and mortality impact in women compared to men. Rates of CVD vary substantially among provinces and within regions of Canada. This Atlas chapter aims to do the following: summarize the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in women in Canada; discuss sex and gender disparities; and examine the intersectionality between sex and other disparities that play a prominent role in CVD outcomes in women, including indigenous identity, ethnic variation, disability, and socioeconomic status (SES). Figure 1 summarizes the key concepts presented in this chapter. Demographics Cardiovascular wellness indicators/traditional risk factorsMost Canadian women have at least one risk factor for CVD. 2 Although the burden of CVD has been improving over time, outcomes for women, particularly those aged < 55 years, have stagnated. 3 Women are more likely than men to die in the year following an acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to experience death, heart failure, or stroke within 5 years after acute MI. 4,5 CJC Open 3 (2021) 1e11

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