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Computational brain models use machine learning algorithms and statistical models to harness big data for delivering disease-specific diagnosis or prognosis for individuals. They are intended to support clinical decision making and are widely available. However, their translation into clinical practice remains weak despite efforts to improve implementation such as through training clinicians and clinical staff in their use and benefits. In this paper, we argue that it is necessary to go beyond existing implementation efforts to understand and meaningfully integrate the clinician's perspective and tacit knowledge for This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 2 translating computational brain models in neurological practice. The empirical research draws on our collective seven-year engagement with the Human Brain Project as researchers of its 'Ethics and Society' subproject and includes analysis of published and grey literature, participant observation at workshops and conferences, and interviews with data scientists, neuroscientists, and neurologists in the UK and Europe developing computational tools for neurology.Our findings show that building trust in the relationships between clinicians and researchers (modelers, data scientists) through meaningful upstream collaboration, greater model transparency and integration of tacit knowledge play a salient role in translation processes with meaningful benefit for patients.

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The interdisciplinary field of neurorobotics looks to neuroscience to overcome the limitations of modern robotics technology, to robotics to advance our understanding of the neural system’s inner workings, and to information technology to develop tools that support those complementary endeavours. The development of these technologies is still at an early stage, which makes them an ideal candidate for proactive and anticipatory ethical reflection. This article explains the current state of neurorobotics development within the Human Brain Project, originating from a close collaboration between the scientific and technical experts who drive neurorobotics innovation, and the humanities and social sciences scholars who provide contextualising and reflective capabilities. This article discusses some of the ethical issues which can reasonably be expected. On this basis, the article explores possible gaps identified within this collaborative, ethical reflection that calls for attention to ensure that the development of neurorobotics is ethically sound and socially acceptable and desirable.