The effect of pressure on the formation and deoxygenation kinetics of oxymyoglobin was studied by using temperature-jump and stopped-flow techniques, respectively. The corresponding volumes of activation are +5.2 ± 0.5 and +23.3 ± 1.8 cm3 mol'1, which result in a reaction volume of -18.1 ± 2.3 cm3 mol'1 for the system Mb + 02 == Mb02. The latter was also measured directly from the pressure dependence of the equilibrium constant and resulted in a reaction volume of -19.3 ± 1.5 cm3 mol'1. A volume profile analysis indicated that bond breakage during deoxygenation proceeds according to a dissociative mechanism with almost complete Mb-G2 bond cleavage in the transition state. This suggests that almost no bond formation with the heme center occurs in the transition state during the oxygenation of myoglobin. The volume increase
Die Vilsmeier‐Formylierung der Tetra‐p‐tolylporphyrin‐Komplexe M(TTP), M(TTP)LL′ und M(TTP)L [M = Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu (2B–2F); MLL′ = CoCl(Py) (2Ba); ML = CrCl (2Hb), MnOMe (2Ic), FeCl (2Kb), AlOH (2Ld)] liefert die 2‐Formylderivate 5B–5F, 5Bh, 5Hh, 5Ii, 5Kb und 5Lg. Die Geschwindigkeit der Formylierung sinkt normalerweise mit der Oxidationszahl des Zentralmetall‐Ions in der Reihe MII > MIII > MIV, da in gleicher Weise die negative Netto‐Ladung des Porphyrin‐Liganden fällt, und ebenso in der Serie NiII > CuII > PdII > PtII, da die Polarität der M – N‐Bindung entsprechend sinkt. Am schnellsten werden unerwartet die Porphyrin‐Komplexe von AlIII, CoIII und CrIII formyliert. Dies wird auf die Bildung anionoider Porphyrin‐Komplexe in Gegenwart des Vilsmeier‐Reagens zurückgeführt. Metallfreie Porphyrine, wie H2(TTP‐CHO) (5A) und das Cyano‐Derivat H2(TTP‐CN) (9A), sind durch Entmetallierung der jeweiligen Eisen‐Komplexe 2Kb bzw. 9Kb zugänglich.
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