Pharyngeal residue was consistently perceived to be greater from FEES than from videofluoroscopy. These findings have significant clinical implications as FEES and videofluoroscopy findings are used to judge aspiration risk and to make recommendations for oral intake. Further research is required to examine the impact of FEES and videofluoroscopy examinations on treatment decisions.

The swallowing outcome after laryngectomy (SOAL) questionnaire is a simple, self-administered tool to assess swallowing function post-total laryngectomy. Further specific testing with a laryngectomy cohort is necessary for full validation. Its potential value lies in screening for dysphagia in clinics or during long-term follow-up of laryngectomees.

People wait longer than clinically recommended for specialist outpatient assessment in the public health system. 1 Governments are focused on redesigning service delivery, aiming to provide more flexible and patient-focused services, whilst increasing access to high-value care, at acceptably low costs. 2 Optimising and extending allied health practitioner (AHP) scope of practice can provide a responsive workforce whilst maintaining safe and quality health care. 3 Expanded roles for AHPs have gained popularity over the last decade, however, are not widely accepted as a sustainable alternative to the medical-led outpatient service model. 4

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