Monitoring the surface deformation is of great significance, in order to explore the activity and geophysical features of the underground deep pressure source in the volcanic regions. In this study, the time series surface deformation of the Changbaishan volcano is retrieved via Sentinel-1B SAR data, using the SBAS-InSAR method. The main results are as follows. (1) The mean surface deformation velocity in the Changbaishan volcano is uplifted as a whole, while the uplift is locally distributed, which shows a strong correlation with faults. (2) The time series surface deformation of the Changbaishan volcano indicates an apparently seasonal change. (3) The cumulative surface deformation shows a strong correlation with the maximal magnitude and number of annual earthquakes, and it is likely dominated by the maximal magnitude of the annual earthquakes. (4) The single Mogi source model is appropriate to evaluate the deep pressure source in the Changbaishan volcano, constrained by the calculated surface deformation. The optimal estimated depth of the magma chamber is about 6.2 km, and the volume is increased by about 3.2 × 106 m3. According to the time series surface deformation, it is concluded that the tectonic activity and faults, related to the deep pressure source, are pretty active in the Changbaishan volcano.

It is difficult to monitor the surface deformation along the high-speed railway for the complexity of the surface texture in extensive region. In this paper, based on sentinel-1A /B data, the surface deformation along the high-speed railway from Fuyu to Dehui was tried to evaluate using time-series PS-InSAR method. The results indicate that the surface deformation is not dangerous for the safe operation of the railway. Moreover, the surface depression near Dehuixi station is potentially dangerous for the safety of the railway. Finally, the cause of the surface deformation along the railway is mainly attributed to the human activity and the seasonal subgrade frost heave in the seasonal frozen soil.

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