Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sweating, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, insomnia, grand mal convulsions amongst others. Patients typically present acutely with a history of recent cessation or reduction of heavy alcohol use after a long period of repeated, persistent use. It may feature perceptual disturbances such as illusions or hallucinations. It may present with delirium in a condition known as delirium tremens, which typically occurs after recent cessation or reduction of very heavy alcohol use in patients with a long-standing history of alcohol dependence syndrome, who may also have coexisting medical conditions. We herein report a case of a 40 year old man, with a 12-month history of persistent alcohol use, who presented with classical symptoms of alcohol withdrawal including inability to sleep, excessive sweating, tachycardia, vomiting, and hallucinations. There is no associated history of convulsions or co-morbid medical conditions. Features of this case are discussed, as well as evaluation and treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
Sustained ventricular tachycardia is a ventricular rhythm greater than 100 bpm usually lasting more than 30 seconds. It manifests with a broad QRS tachyarrhythmia which has a similar QRS configuration. This happens from one beat to another, showing a similar chain of ventricular depolarization for every beat. Ventricular tachyarrhythmia has its origin from a stable focus. However, in conditions like structural cardiac disease, the substrate is the place that has patchy replacement fibrosis because of infarction which may originate functional reentry or anatomical pathways. Symptoms of VT rely on the underlying heart function, and rate of arrhythmia. The prognosis depends on the existing heart disease and the first treatment always follows advanced cardiac life support.
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