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Background: Functional blood-brain barrier requires interactions between endothelia and astrocytes, but molecules involved in these contacts are not known. Results: Absence of glial ␣-dystrobrevin protein causes leaky blood-brain barrier, water retention, and progressive brain edema. Conclusion: Glial ␣-dystrobrevin is essential for endothelium-astrocyte interactions required for blood-brain barrier functions. Significance: Pathologies altering ␣-dystrobrevin might lead to blood-brain barrier abnormalities.

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beta-DG has been shown to have a role in angiogenesis, and our results demonstrate for the first time that there are clear differences in beta-DG staining between OA and control synovial blood vessels. The specific immunolocalisation of beta-DG within endothelium of inflamed OA blood vessels and its co-localisation with MMP-3 and -9, reported to have pro-angiogenic roles and believed to be involved in beta-DG cleavage, may also suggest that beta-DG plays a role in angiogenesis accompanying OA.