The effects of initial conditions on interaction between a boundary layer over a flat plate and flow around a wall-mounted finite-length cylinder were experimentally investigated. A square cylinder with a characteristic width (d) of 20mm and a length of H=5d was vertically mounted on a horizontal flat plate. Three different boundary layers were investigated, their momentum thickness being 0.07d, 0.13d, and 0.245d, respectively, measured at the cylinder axis in the absence of the cylinder. All the experiments were carried out in a closed-loop water tunnel at a Reynolds numbers of 11 500 based on d and the free-stream velocity U∞. It is found that initial boundary layer conditions have a profound effect on the near wake, including the flow near the cylinder free end that is well beyond the boundary layer. With increasing boundary layer thickness, the base vortex is enhanced, inducing a stronger upwash flow from the cylinder base, which acts to weaken the downwash free-end shear layer and the tip vortex. Consequently, spanwise vortices gain strength near the free end but impair near the wall, causing the ratio of symmetrically to antisymmetrically arranged vortices to vary and subsequently the Reynolds stresses to increase significantly in magnitude near the free end but to decrease near the wall.

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The purpose of this paper is to present an iterative scheme for finding a common element of the set of solutions to the variational inclusion problem with multivalued maximal monotone mapping and inverse-strongly monotone mappings and the set of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert space. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for approximating this common elements are proved. The results presented in the paper not only improve and extend the main results in Korpelevich (Ekonomika i Matematicheskie Metody, 1976, 12(4):747-756), but also extend and replenish the corresponding results obtained by Iiduka and Takahashi (Nonlinear