The estradiol (E2), estrogen receptor-α (ERα), testosterone (T), and androgen receptor (AR) can contribute to anxiety, but whether they are associated with the reversion of prenatal adverse outcomes remains unclear. Here, we tested the interactive effects of prenatal maternal restraint stress and early postnatal short-term maternal separation on adult male mandarin vole (Microtus mandarinus) behavior and changes in E2, T, and their receptors. The results showed that PS adult males (PS/NH) exhibited an increase in anxiety-like behavior in open-field and elevated plus-maze tests than the other 3 groups, including adult male offspring controls (PC/NH), adult male offspring controls with short-term maternal separation (PC/H), and PS adult males with short-term maternal separation (PS/H). The increase in anxiety-like behavior was associated with significantly lower E2 and T serum levels, had significantly more ERα immunoreactive neurons (ERα-IRs) in some brain regions, as well as significantly fewer AR immunoreactive neurons (AR-IRs) in some brain regions than the other 3 groups. We found it interesting that the PC/H and PS/H were similar to the PC/NH in that they did not produce anxiety-like behavior. However, early postnatal short-term maternal separation reversed prenatally induced changes in E2 and T serum levels and altered ERα-IRs and AR-IRs in the brain. These data suggest that changes in anxious adults may be governed by early environmental factors and their interactions because changes in E2 and T serum levels and the distribution of ERα and AR in the brain result in behavioral changes related to less anxiety into adulthood.

As a class of nonlinear loads in the power system, electric vehicle chargers will produce a certain harmonic pollution for the grid. Before the construction of charging stations, it is necessary for electric vehicle charger (station) connected to the grid to simulate and predict harmonics. The models of single charger and charge station are built separately in order to simulate and analysis the impact of a single and multiple chargers on power quality. The factors of the harmonic current ratio (HRI) and the current total harmonic distortion (THDI) varied with the charging power and the number of the chargers are discussed and analyzed. The generation mechanism of harmonic counteraction and interaction between the chargers are analyzed. The simulation results show that: because of the impedance of the system and the transformer, the harmonic current ratio (HRI) and the current total harmonic distortion (THDI) both increase firstly to some extent and subsequently decrease gently with the increase of the number of the chargers in the same power charging. This phenomenon has nothing to do with the harmonic counteraction and how that happen is discussed and analysis in this paper. And the phenomenon of harmonics interaction and counteraction occurs with the increase of the number of the chargers in different power charging, and the current total harmonic distortion (THDI) declines and tends to maintain a relatively stable value.

With the implementation of incentive policies for new energy vehicles of Chinese government, the development of new energy vehicles in China has made considerable progress, and in the field of electric vehicle charging facilities can also appeared in a number of demonstration projects. With the support of the National Grid, the establishment of a domestic Chongqing's first commercial fast-charging stations was done in 2012. Research on Electric vehicle fast charging caused to the distribution network with future large-scale deployment of electric vehicles will be of great value in guiding for the planning of distribution of the networks. In this work, we used a typical distribution network model to simulate the real conditions. The voltage loss caused by EVs’ fast charging on the transmission line was studied under different implementation scenarios.

Because of China's energy and load imbalance, respectively, large-scale long-distance power transmission becomes inevitable. Under this background , HVDC develops rapidly, SSO (Sub-synchronous oscillations) caused by HVDC is becoming increasingly apparent. The sub-synchronous electrical damping within the frequency range is difficult to calculate. Based on small-signal test method-complex torque coefficient method in the time-domain simulation , the paper calculated the sub-synchronous electrical damping characteristics of the system and analyzed the impact of the unit interaction, DC power and the generator output on sub-synchronous electrical damping characteristics.

In this paper, one on-board charger in the charging station will be used to test its charging process. We screen the data which has the typical characteristics of power parameters from test data, and compared with the national power quality standards. We can get the following conclusions: (1) The electric car battery is capacitive load, it may transfer the reactive power to grid in the process of charging;(2) The test data imply that frequency deviation, power factor and VTHD e.g. indexes are qualified;(3) On-board charger is mainly produced the odd harmonics in the process of charging, with the increase of harmonic frequency, harmonic contain lower rate;(4) In practice, harmonic mainly reflects on the current, voltage only has a small distortion.