Free time, Time management, Quality of life, Undergraduates,

The purpose of the study was to examine the relations of five dimensions of free-time management (including goal setting and evaluating, technique, values, immediate response, and scheduling) with leisure boredom, and whether these factors could predict leisure boredom. A total of 500 undergraduates from a university in southern Taiwan were surveyed with 403 usable questionnaires was returned. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that five dimensions of free-time management had significant negative relationships with leisure boredom. Furthermore, the results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that four dimensions of free-time management were significant contributors to leisure boredom. Finally, we suggested students can avoid boredom by properly planning and organizing leisure time and applying techniques for managing leisure time.

For a long time in Western countries, outdoor adventure education programmes have been used with at-risk youth. Following these successful examples, the City-Guy Foundation in Taiwan organised a 28-day programme for 12 at-risk youth during July and August 2004. A self concept scale and a life effectiveness questionnaire were used to examine the effects of this programme. The findings reported here show that the participants improved their self-concepts and on all the measures of life effectiveness. The paper concludes with some implications of the findings for future research and future leisure education programmes for at-risk youth.

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