Tumor-specific targeted delivery is a major obstacle to clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we have developed a novel multi-functional nanostructure GAL-GNR-siGPC-3, which consists of Galactose (GAL) as the HCC-targeting moiety, golden nanorods (GNR) as a framework to destroy tumor cells under laser irradiation, and siRNA of Glypican-3 (siGPC-3) which induce specifically gene silence of GPC-3 in HCC. Glypican-3 (GPC-3) gene is highly associated with HCC and is a new potential target for HCC therapy. On the other hand, Gal can specifically bind to the asialoglycoprotein receptor which is highly expressed on membrane of hepatoma cells. GAL and siGPC-3 can induce targeted silencing of GPC-3 gene in hepatoma cells. In vivo and in vitro results showed that GAL-GNR-siGPC-3 could significantly induce downregulation of GPC-3 gene and inhibit the progression of HCC. More notably, GAL-GNR-siGPC-3 could induce both GPC-3 gene silencing and photothermal effects, and the synergistic treatment of tumors was more effective than individual treatments. In summary, GAL-GNR-siGPC-3 achieved a synergistic outcome to the treatment of cancer, which opens up a new approach for the development of clinical therapies for HCC.

Laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) is the technology combining optical tweezers microprobe Raman spectroscopy to capture and fix the single cell in solution for a long time. It researches the real-time biochemistry changed information of the single cell covered beneath group average information under nearly natural physiological conditions. It has a series advantages in the research field of microbiology including low-energy light beam with no hurt to cells, no addition of chemical reagent and the high sensitivity of the optical technology without damaging cells. Laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy can reflect the activity law of biomacromolecule in microbiology cells, keep real-time tracking of biochemical kinetic process of microbiology and provide new technology for basic microbiology and fermentation microbiology. Therefore, the experiment is designed in the thesis by taking advantages of laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy to provide more theoretical basis and reference for the application and development of the technology.